Clinical Profile of Patients of Leptospirosis and Its Outcome

Abstract

Background: Leptospirosis is an emerging spirochetal zoonosis worldwide. It is underreported and under diagnosed in India. The clinical manifestations of Leptospirosis range from an asymptomatic illness, self-limiting systemic infection to severe and potentially fatal disease. Approximately 1 million severe cases occur per year. Aims and Objectives: To study the clinical profile of acute onset fever (less than 7 days) that are IgM positive for leptospira and to study their in hospital outcome. Methods: This observational study was conducted in Dr. Hedgewar Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra. The IgM positive leptospirosis patients admitted during January 2014 to December 2018 were included in the study. The information on demographic and clinical profile of these patients was recorded and analyzed based on modified Faine's criteria. Their in hospital outcome was assessed. Result: The study included 62 leptospirosis IgM positive patients. The mean age was 38.14±15.84 years. All patients presented with fever. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) was the most common complication seen in 48.38%. Case Fatality Rate (CFR) was found to be 16.12% (10 out of 62) patients. Conclusion • High proportion of cases indirectly reflects the endemic nature of the disease. • The clinical presentation of leptospirosis is highly protean and may vary from sub-clinical to mild illness to life-threatening complications and death.

A Study of Clinical Profile of Leptospirosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

“…most common symptom was fever (90%). Other symptoms were myalgia (87.5%), headache (41%), Abdominal pain (35%), Vomiting (25%), Loose stools (20%) and Dyspnea (10). Comorbidities in our study population include diabetes mellitus(n=8), systemic hypertension (n=6), coronary artery disease (n=1), hypothyroidism (n=2) and asthma (n=3).…”