Clinical profile of end stage renal disease in patients on maintenance haemodialysis in a tertiary hospital

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: Chronic kidney disease is an increasing health problem worldwide and the burden of such patients is increasing in developing countries like Nepal as well. The final treatment for End Stage Renal Disease is only renal replacement therapy. The objective was to study the demographic and clinical profile of patients with End Stage Renal Disease undergoing haemodialysis.
 Methods: This was a prospective, observational study carried out in a tertiary hospital after obtaining ethical consent from the Institutional Review Board. The study period was from June 1st to August 31st, 2019. Thirty seven patients, older than 15 years who were on maintenance haemodialysis on regular basis in the hospital for at least 3 months were selected for the study. Patient’s records were used for the data collection as well as direct questionnaire to the patients on follow up for routine haemodialysis. Data were entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21 and descriptive analysis was done.
 Results: Twenty-six patients were under 50 years with male: female ratio of 1.64:1. Mean duration of haemodialysis of patients was 3.82 years. Most common cause for end stage renal disease was hypertension followed by idiopathic cause. Anaemia and hypocalcaemia were found to be the common complications associated with the patients.
 Conclusions: Prevention and early treatment may be the key to decrease the incidence of chronic kidney disease patients and also halt the progression to End stage renal disease.

End Stage Renal Disease among Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“…This even reflects the increasing number of younger people in the working-age group suffering from kidney disease and the importance of early preventive measures to prevent progression to ESRD. This finding is consistent with several other studies from Nepal [5][6][7] and India. 10,11 This is different from the USA studies where the mean age of the patients was above 62 years.…”

“…5 Similar etiological proportions have been reported by various studies in different tertiary centres of Nepal. 6,7 In contrast to ours, studies from India report diabetes as the most common underlying comorbidity followed by hypertension. 10,11 The most common systemic manifestations in our study were oliguria followed by muscle weakness, pedal edema, and breathlessness.…”

“…5 Similar etiological proportions have been reported by various studies in different tertiary centres of Nepal. 6 , 7 In contrast to ours, studies from India report diabetes as the most common underlying comorbidity followed by hypertension. 10 , 11 …”

“…4 Various institutional studies of Nepal have shown hypertension and diabetes as the major causes of CKD with a prevalence of 24.5% and 5.8% respectively. [5][6][7][8] The more widespread efforts at prevention, early detection, evaluation, and management of CKD and antecedent conditions could prevent complications of decreased kidney function.…”

Maintenance Hemodialysis among Patients Visiting Nephrology Unit in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“…This is similar to a study done at Gandaki Medical College. 12 Thus, the clinical, demographic and laboratory profile of our patients was similar in context to studies from Nepal. The patients on MHD were regular due to the government of Nepal providing free HD services.…”