Clinical Problems: Hepatitis in Dialysis Units in the United Kingdom

Polakoff, Sheila; Cossart, Yvonne E.; Tillett, Hilary E.

doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5818.94

Cited by 42 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Many studies have demonstrated that dialysis patients, once infected with HBV, have a high risk of becoming chronic carriers and therefore a reservoir of the virus [Polakoff et al, 1972;Lofgren et al, 1982;Harnett et al, 1988]. In the present investigation, clearance of HBsAg was not observed during the followup period.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

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Hepatitis B virus transmission in Brazilian hemodialysis units: Serological and molecular follow‐up

Teles¹,

Martins²,

Gomes³

et al. 2002

Journal of Medical Virology

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A serological and molecular study of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was carried out in dialysis units in Central Brazil. Between 1995 and 1999, serum samples from all HBsAg-positive hemodialysis patients (n = 43) were tested for HBeAg/anti-HBe and subtyping by monoclonal ELISA. HBV DNA was detected by PCR and positive samples were genotyped by restriction fragment polymorphism pattern (RFLP) methodology. TheHBsAg prevalence declined in this population during the survey period (12-5.8%). HBeAg and anti-HBe were detected in 23 (53.5%) and 18 (41.9%) sera, respectively. Thirty-six samples could be HBsAg subtyped: 21 were subtype ayw(3), 14 belonged to adw(2) and one was identified as adw(4). HBV DNA was present in 30 serum samples. Of these, 20 (66.7%) were genotype D, 9 (30%) genotype A, and 1 (3.3%) genotype F. In addition, the RFLP pattern could be determined in samples from 18/20 genotype D patients: D3 (10 strains), D7 (7 strains) and D4 (1 strain); from 8/9 genotype A patients: A1 (6 strains) and A3 (2 strains); and from the patient infected with genotype F: F1. Patterns D3 and D7 were associated closely with HBV infection in the two largest hemodialysis units studied. These findings confirm the value of the RFLP method as an effective molecular epidemiological tool for elucidating HBV transmission in hemodialysis units.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…In the past, hemodialysis patients also acquired HBV infection by transfusion of infectious blood or blood products [Turner and White, 1969;Polakoff et al, 1972]. This is now a rare event because all blood units have been screened for hepatitis B [Nishioka, 1996].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus transmission in Brazilian hemodialysis units: Serological and molecular follow‐up

Teles¹,

Martins²,

Gomes³

et al. 2002

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The two groups are comparable for age and sex though a significant difference in length of time on dialysis does exist; an anti-HBs response >10 IU/1 was detected in 58.5% of 236 subjects tested at 6 months, being respec tively 71. 4…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Region-Wide Hepatitis B Vaccination Program in Dialysis Patients: Experience in an Italian Region

Albertoni

Battilomo

Nardo

et al. 1991

Nephron

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In 1985-1986, 634 adult dialysis patients were tested prior to hepatitis B vaccination, representing 40% of the total patients in Latium, an Italian region. HBsAg and anti-HBs prevalences were 7.1 and 36.0%, respectively. Merck, Sharp & Dohme (MSD) and Pasteur plasma-derived vaccines were randomly allocated to the 44 dialysis units. An anti-HBs response greater than or equal to 10 IU/l was elicited in 58.5% of 236 subjects tested at 6 months, 63.4% MSD and 52.4% Pasteur (p n.s.). The relatively low response to the vaccine in this high-risk group stresses the need to improve the efficacy of the vaccination and to maintain policies of environmental control.

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“…In the present study, the presence was determined of e antigen and antibody in sera from patients in two renal dialysis units in which the outbreaks of hepatitis B (during 1969-71) were quite different (Polakoff et al, 1972). In dialysis unit A, 32 of the infected patients became carriers of HBsAg.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

e Antigen and antibody in outbreaks of hepatitis B in two renal dialysis units.

Gibson¹

1977

J Clin Pathol

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Clinical Problems: Hepatitis in Dialysis Units in the United Kingdom

Cited by 42 publications

References 10 publications

Hepatitis B virus transmission in Brazilian hemodialysis units: Serological and molecular follow‐up

Hepatitis B virus transmission in Brazilian hemodialysis units: Serological and molecular follow‐up

Evaluation of a Region-Wide Hepatitis B Vaccination Program in Dialysis Patients: Experience in an Italian Region

e Antigen and antibody in outbreaks of hepatitis B in two renal dialysis units.

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