Clinical presentation, management, and research progress of adrenal schwannoma

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study shares our experience in managing adrenal schwannoma (AS).MethodsThe clinical data of eight patients with AS in our hospital from April 2007 to April 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsA total of 1309 patients with adrenal lesions were treated in the affiliated hospital of Guizhou Medical University for 15 years, of which only 8 cases were diagnosed as AS, accounting for 0.61%. Among the eight patients with AS, there were five females and three males, with an average age of 48.63 ± 12.05 years, and the average maximum diameter of the tumor was 6.96 ± 1.83 cm. All patients underwent adrenalectomy and were pathologically diagnosed as AS after the operation. The average follow-up time of eight patients with AS was 60.13 ± 22.33 months, and there was no recurrence or metastasis.ConclusionThe retroperitoneum is an uncommon site for schwannoma tumors, and among adrenal incidentalomas, the schwannoma is rare. The disease lacks specific clinical and imaging features, but correct diagnosis before the pathological examination is very important for clinical management and surgical decision. When imaging examination indicates a slow-growing retroperitoneal mass, schwannoma should be considered. Surgical resection is the main treatment. Pathology is the gold standard for diagnosis. Most of the tumors are benign and have a good prognosis. There is a risk of recurrence after the operation, and it should be monitored actively.

An incidental large adrenal schwannoma: A case report

“…The classic radiologic features of primary adrenal schwannoma on CT are a well-circumscribed oval or round unilateral mass with heterogenous soft-tissue density, progressive contrast enhancement, and cystic/necrotic changes [12] . In a review conducted by Xu et al, the sizes of adrenal schwannoma masses range from 0.6 to 14 cm, with an average diameter of 5.5 cm [13] . Additionally, larger masses (>8-10 cm) can present with cystic formation, bleeding, necrosis, and calcification due to secondary degeneration signaling the final stage of long-term tumor growth [12] .…”

Case Report on Adrenal Schwannomas: A Rare Mimic in the Spectrum of Adrenal Masses

“…Given the rarity of adrenal schwannomas, there is a paucity of comprehensive literature addressing their clinical characteristics, optimal diagnostic strategies, and long-term outcomes. Each documented case contributes valuable insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with these tumors [ 7 ].…”

“…Given the rarity of adrenal schwannomas, there is a paucity of comprehensive literature addressing their clinical characteristics, optimal diagnostic strategies, and long-term outcomes. Each documented case contributes valuable insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with these tumors [7]. This case report aims to enhance our understanding of adrenal schwannomas by presenting a detailed account of a patient with abdominal pain, highlighting the complexities in diagnosis and the significance of surgical exploration.…”