Clinical presentation, diagnostic findings and long‐term survival in large breed dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown aetiology

Cornelis, Ine; Volk, Holger A.; Decker, Steven De

doi:10.1136/vr.103640

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, 28 dogs (43.0%) were large breeds (>15 kg). This proportion is larger than what was reported by a recent study, in which 25% of dogs presumptively diagnosed with inflammatory CNS disease were considered large breeds (>15 kg) . This likely represents a regional difference in the population of preferred breeds but it demonstrates that inflammatory CNS disease should be considered in large breed dogs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Testing forBartonellassp. DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with inflammatory central nervous system disease

Bartner

McGrath

Drury

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundNeurobartonellosis occurs in people. The role these organisms might play in inflammatory brain disease of dogs is unclear.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThat Bartonella spp. DNA would be amplified more commonly from the CSF of dogs with inflammatory disease compared to those with noninflammatory disease. To report the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in dogs with and without inflammatory CNS disease with a commercially available PCR assay.AnimalsCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 172 dogs from either Washington State University or Colorado State University.MethodsRetrospective study. A search was performed of all medical records from dogs with CSF samples submitted to CSU's Center for Companion Animal Studies or Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory from CSU or WSU for Toxoplasma or Neospora PCR assay. Increased CSF nucleated cell counts and an adequate volume of CSF must have been present to evaluate Bartonella spp. by PCR assay.ResultsInflammatory CNS disease was confirmed in 65 dogs, none of which were positive for Bartonella spp. DNA. Of the other 107 dogs, one was positive for B. henselae DNA. The CSF from this dog contained red blood cells.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFailure to amplify Bartonella spp. DNA from the CSF of the dogs with inflammatory disease suggests the organism was not involved in the etiology of the disease, the organism was in the CNS tissues but not in the CSF, or the organism was present but in quantities undetectable by this PCR assay. The combination of PCR and culture is the most sensitive way to detect Bartonella spp. and the use of that technique should be considered in future studies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Testing forBartonellassp. DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with inflammatory central nervous system disease

Bartner

McGrath

Drury

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…This emphasises that MUO should still be an important part of the differential diagnosis in medium/large dogs with suspected brain disease (Cornelis et al . ). Similar breeds to those previously reported were identified (Labrador retriever, cocker spaniel, springer spaniel, cross breed etc .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The dogs were classified into large and small/medium breed using the criteria reported by Cornelis et al . (). The total population was divided into four age groups (<1 year; 1 to <5 years, 5 to <8 years and ≥⃒8 years).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serological prevalence of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in dogs diagnosed with suspected meningoencephalitis in the UK

Coelho¹,

Cherubini²,

Stefani³

et al. 2018

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To assess the prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in a population of dogs with a diagnosis of suspected inflammatory meningoencephalitis. Materials and Methods Medical records of three referral centres were reviewed from 2008 to 2016 to identify a cohort of dogs diagnosed and treated for suspected inflammatory meningoencephalitis after testing for evidence of exposure to these pathogens. Results In our sample of 400 dogs the prevalence for exposure (IgG>1:50) to Toxoplasma gondii was 8/201 (3∙98%). Active infection (IgG titre >1:400 or/and an IgM titre >1:64 and/or positive PCR in CSF) was suspected in 1/400 (0∙25%). The prevalence for exposure [Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) titre >1:50] and active infection (IFA titres ≥⃒1:400 and/or positive PCR in CSF) with Neospora caninum were 14/201 (6∙96%) and 9/400 (2∙25%), respectively. Clinical Significance In view of the low prevalence of protozoan infections, the risk associated with starting immunosuppressive medication in dogs with evidence of inflammatory meningitis or encephalitis in the UK appears low.

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“…In Multifocal , the higher number of dogs with SRMA compared to dogs with MUA is likely related to the criteria of inclusion. CH is consistent in dogs with SRMA (Tipold & Jaggy , Lowrie et al , Tipold & Schatzberg ) but is less common in those with MUA (Menaut et al , Parry et al , Cornelis et al ); in addition, dogs with MUA are more likely to present concomitant neurological deficits reflecting intracranial involvement (Cherubini et al , Cornelis et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cervical hyperaesthesia in dogs: an epidemiological retrospective study of 185 cases

Strobel

Paluš²,

Vettorato³

et al. 2019

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To describe the prevalence, clinical findings and predictors of disease in dogs with cervical hyperaesthesia. Materials and Methods Medical records of dogs referred for neurological investigation of cervical hyperaesthesia between 2009 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs were assigned to one of the following groups according to the final diagnosis: Non‐Neurologic, Brain, Cervical Spine, Multifocal, and Chiari‐like Malformation/Syringomyelia. Demographic data, clinical and neurological signs and laboratory findings were compared between groups using univariate analysis; predictors of disease location were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results Final diagnostic allocations of the 185 records included in the study were as follows: 2.7% Non‐Neurologic, 2.2% Brain, 63.2% Cervical Spine, 22.2% Multifocal and 9.7% Chiari Malformation/Syringomyelia. Intervertebral disc extrusion and steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis were the most common diseases. Compared to Multifocal dogs, those allocated a Cervical Spine diagnosis were older, heavier, more frequently ataxic and lame on a thoracic limb; furthermore, they were less frequently depressed or hyperthermic at presentation. Leucocytosis, neutrophilia and monocytosis were more frequent in dogs allocated a Multifocal diagnosis. Dogs with cervical hyperaesthesia older than 36 months and non‐hyperthermic at presentation were more likely to have a lesion of the cervical region rather than a multi‐focal disease. Clinical Significance Although non‐specific, these results may be useful to guide clinicians in management of dogs presenting with cervical hyperaesthesia. Animal age and body temperature may support the suspicion of either focal or multi‐focal cervical spinal disease.

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Clinical presentation, diagnostic findings and long‐term survival in large breed dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown aetiology

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Testing forBartonellassp. DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with inflammatory central nervous system disease

Testing forBartonellassp. DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with inflammatory central nervous system disease

Serological prevalence of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in dogs diagnosed with suspected meningoencephalitis in the UK

Cervical hyperaesthesia in dogs: an epidemiological retrospective study of 185 cases

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