Clinical presentation and outcomes of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia at a national hospital, Kenya: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

BackgroundHypertensive disorders in pregnancy including pre-eclampsia are associated with maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity. Early detection is vital for effective treatment and management of pre-eclampsia. This study examines and compares the clinical presentation and outcomes between early-and late-onset pre-eclampsia over a two year period. MethodsA retrospective cohort study design which examines socio-demographic characteristics, treatment, outcomes, and fetal and maternal complications among women with early onset of pre-eclampsia (EO-PE) and late onset of pre-eclampsia (LO-PE). De-identified records of women who attended antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care services and experienced pre-eclampsia at Kenyatta National teaching and referral hospital were reviewed. We used chi square, t-test, and calculated odds ratio to determine any significant differences between the EO-PE and LO-PE cohorts. ResultsOut of 620 pre-eclamptic and eclamptic patients' records analyzed; 44 percent (n = 273) exhibited EO-PE, while 56 percent had late onset. Women with EO-PE compared to LO-PE had greater odds of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes including hemolysis elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome (OR: 4.3;

Hypertension induced by pregnancy and neonatal outcome: Results from a retrospective cohort study in preterm under 34 weeks

“…Higher neonatal mortality was observed in the group of hypertensive mothers, confirming the results of previous studies [ 8 , 10 , 11 , 35 , 36 ]. When the results were adjusted for birth weight, the presence of hypertension was not shown to be an isolated risk factor for death (OR 1.3 of 95% CI 0.8–1.9).…”

Prevalence and Immediate Outcomes of Low Birth Weight Neonates Born of Preeclamptic Women at Moi Teaching & Referral Hospital, Kenya

“…Previous studies have however reported con icting ndings on the impact of hypertension on birth asphyxia (30)(31)(32) . The study also found that neonatal jaundice occurred in 21% of the participants similar to ndings by Boskabadi H. et al, (2020) (33) that reported 30.9% and other studies that reported an increased risk of developing jaundice among LBW born of pre-eclamptic women (34,35) .…”

Clinical Application of a Multiparameter-Based Nomogram Model in Predicting Preeclampsia

“…At present, the etiology and pathogenesis of PE have not been fully clarified, and only symptomatic treatment can be performed clinically. Some scholars have found that in the process of disease, different individuals have different organs involved, and each individual is not evenly involved in various organs at the same time, showing nonparallel disease development among individuals [ 2 ]; the mechanism and multipathway and multifactor pathogenic point of view indicate that PE is a syndrome [ 3 ]. This feature makes it difficult for a single parameter to comprehensively predict the occurrence and development of PE.…”