Clinical practice guidelines for the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure in the acute care setting

Non-invasive ventilation in hypoxemic acute respiratory failure: is it still possible?

“…However, its clinical benefit remains controversial for the management of hypoxemic patients [5]. Therefore, NIV is not routinely recommended in this last indication [6], and has also been recently questioned in immunocompromised ARF patients [7].…”

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathways as a tool to improve appropriateness in Internal Medicine Departments

“…[44][45][46][47] Initially introduced and tested within the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), NIV was later also used outside the ICUs, in semi-intensive setting or even in the common wards, with consequent greater accessibility to a wider population of patients. [48][49][50] The use of NIV outside the ICUs is the major advantage of this ventilatory technique, with the possibility of intervention at an early stage, for levels of respiratory acidosis mild or mild to moderate, for which there is no indication for invasive mechanical ventilation in ICU.…”

Invited Review Series Introduction

“…This technique has been shown to be the first-line treatment by numerous position papers and guidelines [15,16], nevertheless its real-life use is still not well elucidated, and obviously a consistent variability is present according to the geographical location and the different environment (i.e., ICU vs respiratory ward) [17,18].…”