2015
DOI: 10.2174/1573396311666150113213352
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Clinical Pharmacology of Theophylline in Preterm Infants: Effects, Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics

Abstract: Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants with consequent episodes of loss of effective breathing and the bronchodilator theophylline prevents apnea and reduces the number of apneic attacks. This drug also reduces hypoxaemic episodes. Theophylline acts on the lungs, kidneys and brain. Theophylline inhibits solute reabsorption in various segments of the nephron and a marked diuresis which occurs immediately after the administration of theophylline. This drug ameliorates kidney dysfunction and prophylaxis giv… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…The present review endeavored to summarize the state of the art concerning this facet of neonatology. Stimulation of the central nervous system has been the focus of other recent reviews 36,37.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The present review endeavored to summarize the state of the art concerning this facet of neonatology. Stimulation of the central nervous system has been the focus of other recent reviews 36,37.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Clinically, caffeine is recognized as the first-line therapeutic agent for apnea of prematurity [ 5 ], because of its safer clinical profile compared to the older drug theophylline and its oral form aminophylline [ 6 ]. For this indication, there is an internationally proposed dosage regimen for caffeine base (10 mg/kg load dose and 2.5 mg/kg maintenance dose) [ 7 , 8 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such mechanism has particular implication in preterm infants because pyridoxine which is usually supplemented in parenteral nutrition cannot be utilized. [15,16] Conversely, the methylation of caffeine is thought to be neuroprotective. [15,16] Aminophylline continues to be used in preterm infants in developing countries due to either lack of availability or cost of caffeine.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[15,16] Conversely, the methylation of caffeine is thought to be neuroprotective. [15,16] Aminophylline continues to be used in preterm infants in developing countries due to either lack of availability or cost of caffeine. [17][18][19] …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%