Clinical Pharmacology of Anti-Infective Drugs

Wade, Kelly C.; Benjamin, Daniel K.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6400-8.00037-7

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 573 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Given the evidence of heteroscedasticity, the WLS was utilized to calculate the regression line that unifies the differences between errors throughout the working range. In the course of calculations, the appropriate weighting factors, w i , i.e., 1 y 0.5 , 1 y , 1 y 2 , 1 x 0.5 , 1…”

Section: Linearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMP, like other β-lactam antibiotics, due to structural similarity, interacts penicillin-binding proteins, the enzymes, which are essential for cell wall synthesis. AMP interferes final stages of the synthesis of peptidoglycan, which is the main ingredient of cell wall structure, leading to bacteria death [1,2]. AMP has bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development, Validation, and Stability Assessment Application of RP-HPLC-DAD Method for Quantification of Ampicillin in Total Parenteral Nutrition Admixtures

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a common procedure in intensive care units, where the concomitant use of other intravenous medication is frequently needed. One of the particularly dangerous complications for neurosurgical patients is meningitis, for which high doses of ampicillin (AMP) are used. In such cases, the addition of AMP to TPN admixtures would be a desirable procedure. Thus, the AMP determination method in TPN admixture was developed and validated. Methods: An isocratic HPLC analysis was performed on a LiChrospher C18 end-capped column (250 mm, 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with a C18 pre-column (LiChrospher 100, 4 mm, 5 µm). The flow rate was 1.0 mL min−1 and the detection wavelength was 230 nm. System suitability parameters, such as capacity factor, numbers of the theoretical plate, asymmetry factor, as well as validation parameters, including method precision, accuracy, linearity, selectivity, and robustness, were set up. Results: The method was shown to be linear, precise, accurate, specific, and robust, and it can be used for the quantitative analysis of AMP in TPN admixtures. Conclusions: The degradation of AMP in the TPN admixtures occurred according to first order kinetics. The degradation rate was high and dependent on the composition of the mixture and the storage conditions (t0.5 varied from 142.44 h to 300.45 h).

show abstract

Section: Linearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Validation, and Stability Assessment Application of RP-HPLC-DAD Method for Quantification of Ampicillin in Total Parenteral Nutrition Admixtures

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…epidermidis are currently considered two of the most important pathogens in nosocomial infections associated with catheters as well as other medical devices due to their natural abundance on skin [34]. MRSE strains are an important cause of catheter-associated disease, particularly among low birth weight premature infants [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene oxide in zinc alginate films: Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, zinc release, water sorption/diffusion, wettability and opacity

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alginate is considered an exceptional biomaterial due to its hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity and low-cost in comparison with other biopolymers. We have recently demonstrated that the incorporation of 1% graphene oxide (GO) into alginate films crosslinked with Ca 2+ cations provides antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis , and no cytotoxicity for human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. However, many other reports in literature have shown controversial results about the toxicity of GO demanding further investigation. Furthermore, the synergic effect of GO with other divalent cations with intrinsic antibacterial and cytotoxic activity such as Zn 2+ has not been explored yet. Thus, here, two commercially available sodium alginates were characterised and utilized in the synthesis of zinc alginate films with GO following the same chemical route reported for the calcium alginate/GO composites. The results of this study showed that zinc release, water sorption/diffusion and wettability depended significantly on the type of alginate utilized. Furthermore, Zn 2+ and GO produced alginate films with increased water diffusion, wettability and opacity. However, neither the combination of GO with Zn 2+ nor the use of different types of sodium alginates modified the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the zinc alginates against these Gram-positive pathogens and human cells respectively.

show abstract

“…Therefore, in the present study, even though the controversial results are shown in literature for other carbon nanomaterials, we hypothesized that CNFs in pure form and incorporated in calcium alginate composite films could also possess antibacterial activity and no cytotoxicity for human cells. Due to the importance of finding new alternative antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant pathogens, the antibacterial activity of these materials was tested against a multidrug-resistant pathogen, the life-threatening methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), which is a leading cause of catheter-associated disease, particularly among low birth weight premature infants [42]. Furthermore, it has been recently reported that there is imperious need of finding new antibacterial materials able to kill this pathogen, because it is globally spreading and has evolved to become a formidable nosocomial pathogen [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanofibers in Pure Form and in Calcium Alginate Composites Films: New Cost-Effective Antibacterial Biomaterials against the Life-Threatening Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the current global health problem of antibiotic resistant recently announced by the World Health Organization, there is an urgent necessity of looking for new alternative antibacterial materials able to treat and impede multidrug-resistant infections which are cost-effective and non-toxic for human beings. In this regard, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) possess currently much lower cost than other carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide, and exhibit excellent chemical, mechanical and electric properties. Furthermore, here, the first report on the antibacterial activity of CNFs was demonstrated. Thus, these nanomaterials, in pure form or incorporated in a minuscule amount into calcium alginate composite films to reduce production costs as much as possible, showed to be new weapons against a globally spreading multidrug-resistant pathogen, the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE). This Gram-positive bacterium is becoming one of the most dangerous pathogens, due to its abundance on skin. In this study, these hollow filamentous materials, in direct contact with cells and loaded in the low-cost calcium alginate composite films, showed no cytotoxicity for human keratinocyte HaCaT cells, which render them very promising for biomedical applications. The CNFs used in this work were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and observed by high-resolution transmission electron with energy-disperse X-ray spectroscopy.

show abstract

Clinical Pharmacology of Anti-Infective Drugs

Cited by 18 publications

References 573 publications

Development, Validation, and Stability Assessment Application of RP-HPLC-DAD Method for Quantification of Ampicillin in Total Parenteral Nutrition Admixtures

Development, Validation, and Stability Assessment Application of RP-HPLC-DAD Method for Quantification of Ampicillin in Total Parenteral Nutrition Admixtures

Graphene oxide in zinc alginate films: Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, zinc release, water sorption/diffusion, wettability and opacity

Carbon Nanofibers in Pure Form and in Calcium Alginate Composites Films: New Cost-Effective Antibacterial Biomaterials against the Life-Threatening Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About