The dynamic linking of processes of psychotherapy and supervision has been termed '~parallel process" (Arlow, 1963;Caligor, et al., 1984;Cooper & Gustafson, 1985;Doehrman, 1976;Ekstein & Wallerstein, 1958;Fleming & Benedek, 1966;Glatzer, 1971;Searles, 1965;Sigman, 1986). The catalyst which enlivens the parallel process is the countertransference of the therapist, who acts out with the supervisor, via a projective counteridentification (Grinberg, 1979), those conflicts projected by the patient or group. Because these conflicts represent blind spots for the therapist who is thus unable to conceptualize them in order to interpret effectively, they will be acted out in supervision (Arlow, 1963). The skill of the supervisor in understanding these unconscious conflicts rests on a sensitivity to personal countertransference feelings while listening to the therapist-supervisee (Searles, 1965). Compared with the supervisor of a single trainee, the group supervisor has the additional task of unravelling the multiple transferences, projections and countertransferences within the therapist-trainee group in order to interpret only those dynamics which are universally salient. It is the interpretation of these overlapping issues in the parallel process which enhances learning in group supervision.This paper represents an attempt to extend the utility of the notion of parallel process from the restricted area of supervision to that of the entire structure