Clinical performance of high‐resolution late gadolinium enhancement imaging with compressed sensing

Abstract

Objectives To evaluate diagnostic image quality of 3D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) with high isotropic spatial resolution (~1.4mm3) images reconstructed from randomly under-sampled k-space using LOw-dimensional-structure Self-learning and Thresholding (LOST). Materials and Methods We prospectively enrolled 270 patients (181 men; 55±14 years) referred for myocardial viability assessment. 3D LGE with isotropic spatial resolution of 1.4±0.1 mm3 was acquired at 1.5T using LOST acceleration rate of 3 to 5. In subset of 121 patients, 3D LGE or phase-sensitive LGE were acquired with parallel imaging with acceleration rate of 2 for comparison. Two readers evaluated image quality using a scale of 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent) and assessed for scar presence. McNemar test statistic was used to compare proportion of detected scar between the two sequences. We assessed association between image quality and characteristics (age, gender, torso dimension, weight, heart rate), using generalized linear models. Overall LGE detection proportions for 3D LGE with LOST were similar between readers 1 and 2 (16.30% versus 18.15%). For image quality, readers gave 85.9% and 80.0% respectively for images categorized as good or excellent. Overall proportion of scar presence was not statistically different from conventional 3D LGE (28% vs. 33% (P= 0.17) for reader 1 and 26% vs. 31% (P= 0.37) for reader 2). Increasing subject heart rate was associated with lower image quality (estimated slope of =-0.009 (P= 0.001)). Conclusions High-resolution 3D LGE with LOST yields good to excellent image quality in >80% of patients and identifies patients with LV scar at the same rate as conventional 3D LGE.

Feasibility study of a single breath‐hold, 3D mDIXON pulse sequence for late gadolinium enhancement imaging of ischemic scar

“…Bizino et al presented a free‐breathing motion‐corrected 3D sequence but this was not compared with 2D LGE for image quality, and still took over 3 minutes for acquisition . Recently, compressed sensing techniques have been proposed as a method to reduce scanning times; however, recent publications of 3D LGE using compressed sensing still requires scanning times between 3–7 minutes and have not been compared with currently used 2D sequences . Moreover, the 3D mDIXON method described here can be combined with the product “Compressed SENSE” on the MR system used for this work for further acceleration and reduction in breath‐hold duration.…”

“…36 Recently, compressed sensing techniques have been proposed as a method to reduce scanning times 37 ; however, recent publications of 3D LGE using compressed sensing still requires scanning times between 3-7 minutes and have not been compared with currently used 2D sequences. 38,39 Moreover, the 3D mDIXON method described here can be combined with the product "Compressed SENSE" on the MR system used for this work for further acceleration and reduction in breathhold duration. Preliminary tests suggest a breath-hold duration of just 11 seconds may still preserve sufficient image quality.…”

Deep complex convolutional network for fast reconstruction of 3D late gadolinium enhancement cardiac MRI

“…To assess the performance of the proposed reconstruction techniques, we utilized a dataset of 219 patients (145 males, mean 55 years) referred for a clinical cardiac MRI examination for viability assessment. These patients were recruited prospectively as part of our previous study 37 . Informed consent was obtained from each subject and the imaging protocol was approved by the institutional review board and institutional human subjects committee.…”

3D image fusion of whole‐heart dynamic cardiac MR perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement: Intuitive delineation of myocardial hypoperfusion and scar

“…While adenosine stress imaging assesses myocardial perfusion, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) depicts myocardial scar . Recently introduced 3D acquisition sequences make use of 3D excitation and readout of the entire examination volume at once instead of repeatedly acquiring separate slices . For perfusion imaging, such 3D sequences proved diagnostic accuracy at higher spatial resolutions .…”

“…4 Recently introduced 3D acquisition sequences make use of 3D excitation and readout of the entire examination volume at once instead of repeatedly acquiring separate slices. [5][6][7][8][9][10] For perfusion imaging, such 3D sequences proved diagnostic accuracy [11][12][13] at higher spatial resolutions. 5 For LGE, 3D sequences provide sharper images and higher signal-to-noise ratio 6 at significantly shorter acquisition times.…”