Clinical, neuropsychological and structural convergences and divergences between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: A systematic review

Xenaki, Lida-Alkisti; Pehlivanidis, Artemios

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.049

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This draws strong comparisons with ED in BPD, particularly when the ED that accompanies ADHD is severe [ 45 ]. At a descriptive level, the emotional symptoms of ADHD were well captured by Wender, Reimherr and colleagues in the earlier Wender-Utah criteria for ADHD, and show substantial overlap with the ED symptoms in the DSM-5 BPD criteria [ 1 , 3 , 38 ].…”

Section: Overlap In Adhd and Bpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impulsivity, irritability and other symptoms of emotional dysregulation are characteristically seen in both disorders, and the nature of the relationship between ADHD and BPD requires clarification [ 2 ]. Key questions that arise include the extent to which: 1) ADHD and BPD co-occur; 2) they reflect distinct disorders or alternative expressions of the same underlying disorder; 3) they share common genetic or environmental risk factors; and 4) one of the disorders give a synergistic effect, reinforcing the other or complicating both [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADHD seldom exists in isolation and up to 90% of adults with ADHD are reported to have one or more co-occurring mental health disorders [ 25 ]. Of these disorders, the most prevalent include mood, anxiety and substance use disorders [ 3 , 26 ], and personality disorders including BPD [ 27 , 28 ]. This exceptionally high co-morbidity rate could however reflect, at least in part, an artefact of overlapping symptoms shared by mental health disorders [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotion dysregulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder

Moukhtarian

Mintah

Moran

et al. 2018

bord personal disord emot dysregul

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There is ongoing debate on the overlap between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), particularly regarding emotion dysregulation (ED). In this paper, we present a narrative review of the available evidence on the association of these two disorders from several standpoints. First, we discuss the unique and shared diagnostic criteria for ADHD and BPD, focusing particularly on ED. We consider the methodology of ecological momentary assessment and discuss why this approach could be an alternative and more accurate way to qualitatively distinguish between ADHD and BPD. We summarise key findings on the genetic and environmental risk factors for ADHD and BPD and the extent to which there are shared or unique aetiological and neurobiological risk factors. Finally, we discuss the clinical relevance of considering both disorders in the assessment of patients presenting with trait-like behavioural syndromes, distinguishing the two conditions and implications for treatment.

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Section: Overlap In Adhd and Bpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotion dysregulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder

Moukhtarian

Mintah

Moran

et al. 2018

bord personal disord emot dysregul

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The elevated prevalence of ASPD in the NN group might reflect the confusion between ASD and ASPD that arises owing to the "lack of empathy", although empathy profiles in the two disorders seem to be the opposite (reduced cognitive empathy in ASD vs reduced affective empathy in ASPD) [98,99,100].Also, the well established association of ADHD and ASPD might lead clinicians to refer individuals with ASPD for an ADHD assessment.…”

Section: Antisocial Personality Disorder (Aspd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or/and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

et al. 2020

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Background: Co-occurring psychiatric disorders in adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and/ or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) contribute to the burden of the healthcare and possibly to the delay of diagnosis. Aim of the study was to clinically assess the prevalence and compare lifetime co-occurring psychopathology in a sample of newly diagnosed ADHD and/or ASD adults and discuss the diagnostic challenges they pose. Methods: The lifetime prevalence rates of ten of the most frequently co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses was registered in 336 adults of normal intelligence who underwent a thorough clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of ADHD and/or ASD for the first time in their lives. Four study groups were formed: the ADHD (n = 151), the ASD (n = 58), the ADHD+ASD (n = 28) and the nonADHD/nonASD (NN) (n = 88) group. Results: At least one co-occurring psychopathology was found in 72.8% of the ADHD group, in 50% of the ASD group, in 72.4% of the ADHD+ASD group and in 76.1% of the NN group (p = 0.004). In all groups the most frequent psychiatric disorder was depressive disorder. The only significant difference regarding the patterns of psychiatric cooccurrence between the ADHD and the nonADHD groups (ASD and NN groups) was found for SUD (p = 0.001). Also, the proportion of subjects with Bipolar Disorder was significantly greater in the NN group as compared to those with ASD (p = 0.025). Conclusions: Our results support the high prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders in adults with ADHD and/or ASD with the ASD group presenting the lowest rate. The most marked difference between the ADHD and the nonADHD groups was found for SUD. Moreover, our findings highlight the need for a thorough clinical assessment of all referred patients both in the presence and absence of ADHD and/or ASD.

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“…It is also important to note that a standardized interview for the diagnosis of ASD was nor used in all cases. Nevertheless, we have to consider rst that assessment was based on our standard clinical practice emphasizing on a thorough and multidisciplinary clinical assessment and second that research data cautiously con rm the accuracy of ADOS-2 Module 4 in adults while ADI-R might not be reliable in adults without intellectual disability [100]. Another limitation of the study is the fact that only ten psychiatric disorders are assessed when administering the MINI.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or/and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Pehlivanidis

Papanikolaou

Mantas

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Co-occurring psychiatric disorders in adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) contribute to the burden of the healthcare and possibly to the delay of diagnosis. Aim of the study was to clinically assess the prevalence and compare lifetime co-occurring psychopathology in a sample of newly diagnosed ADHD and/or ASD adults and discuss the diagnostic challenges they pose.Methods: The lifetime prevalence rates of ten of the most frequently co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses was registered in 336 adults of normal intelligence who underwent a thorough clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of ADHD and/or ASD for the first time in their lives. Four study groups were formed: the ADHD (n=151), the ASD (n=58), the ADHD+ASD (n=28) and the nonADHD/nonASD (NN) (n=88) group. Results: At least one co-occurring psychopathology was found in 72.8% of the ADHD group, in 50% of the ASD group, in 72.4% of the ADHD+ASD group and in 76.1% of the NN group (p=0.004). In all groups the most frequent psychiatric disorder was depressive disorder. The only significant difference regarding the patterns of psychiatric co-occurrence between the ADHD and the nonADHD groups (ASD and NN groups) was found for SUD (p=0.001). Also, the proportion of subjects with Bipolar Disorder was significantly greater in the NN group as compared to those with ASD (p=0.025). Conclusions: Our results support the high prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders in adults with ADHD and/or ASD with the ASD group presenting the lowest rate. The most marked difference between the ADHD and the nonADHD groups was found for SUD. Moreover, our findings highlight the need for a thorough clinical assessment of all referred patients both in the presence and absence of ADHD and/or ASD.

show abstract

Clinical, neuropsychological and structural convergences and divergences between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: A systematic review

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Emotion dysregulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder

Emotion dysregulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or/and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or/and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

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