Clinical, metabolic, and antibody responses of adult volunteers to an investigational vaccine composed of pertussis toxin inactivated by hydrogen peroxide

Sekura, Ronald D.; Zhang, Yan Ling; Roberson, Robin; Acton, Brett; Trollfors, Birger; Tolson, N.; Shiloach, Joseph; Bryla, Dolores A.; Muir-Nash, Joann; Koeller, David M.; Schneerson, Rachel; Robbins, John B.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(88)80005-2

Cited by 68 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Sen et al (26) observed that DTP-vaccinated children had a blunted hyperglycemic response to epinephrine, and Hannik and Cohen (27) found that infants who received a concentrated pertussis vaccine (16 opacity units per dose) had significantly higher plasma insulin concentrations 8 h after vaccination than controls who received diphtheria and tetanus toxoid-polio immunization. Recently Sekura et al (28) noted elevated insulin concentrations in four of 76 adult 'volunteers who received an experimental pertussis vaccine composed of purified LPF inactivated with hydrogen peroxide. The increased insulin values in two subjects were attributed to violation of the fasting protocol, and the other two elevations were not statistically different from the baseline values of the individual vaccinees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and Hematologic Effects and Immune Complex Formation Related to Pertussis Immunization

et al. 1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Selected metabolic, hematologic, and immunologic functions were evaluated in 3-to 6-mo-old Finish infants who received whole-cell pertussis-component diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine, adsorbed (DTP) vaccine, and in 4-to 6-y-old Los Angeles children who received either a licensed DTP va-ccine or an acellular pertussis component DTP vaccine. One d after immunization, there was an increase in total leukocytes and neutrophils and a decrease in lymphocytes in all vaccinees. In 4-to 6-y-old children the leukocytosis and neutrophilia were greater in recipients who received the standard DTP vaccine than in vaccinees who received an acellular pertussis component DTP vaccine. In infants there was an increase in the mean plasma insulin concentration but no change in the glucose concentration 24 h after immunization; no increase in the mean plasma insulin was noted in the 4-to 6-y-old children. Three 4-to 6-y-old vaccinees had higher circulating immune complex concentrations after immunization and two of these children had high clinical reaction scores. The etiology of adverse reactions after DTP immunization is multifactorial. In contrast with findings in animals, our findings do not demonstrate a clinically significant effect due to lymphocytosispromoting factor on glucose metabolism in vaccinated children. Neutrophilia in vaccinees is probably due to endotoxin, and some reactions may be due to circulating immune complexes. (Pediatu Res 27: 353-357,1990) Abbreviations AHG Eq, aggregated human gammaglobulin equivalent APDT, acellular pertussis component DTP vaccine CI, confidence interval CIC, circulating immune complexes DTP, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine, adsorbed FHA, filamentous hemagglutinin LPF, lymphocytosis-promoting factor LPS, lipopolysaccharide WBC, white blood cell kocytosis with a predominant lymphocytosis, and marked adjuvancy in several immunologic systems (1-4). These effects are primarily due to the Bordetella pertussis antigen LPF but LPS (endotoxin) may also contribute to the metabolic, hematologic, and immunologic findings.Many adverse clinical events occur after pertussis immunization in children, but the pathophysiology of these events is not well understood (1,2, 5). It has been suggested that some of these adverse events may be due to biologically active LPF and LPS that are present in routinely used DTP vaccines. There are, however, few data available that indicate that these antigens are in sufficient concentration in presently used DTP vaccines to produce hematologic or metabolic changes in vaccinated children.In Japan, acellular pertussis vaccines have been used for the routine immunization of children since 198 1 (6-8). These vaccines contain significantly reduced amounts of LPS and biologically active LPF, and their use has been associated with fewer vaccination side effects than occur in whole-cell pertussis vaccine recipients. Because of the paucity of information relating to hematologic and metabolic effects and immune complex formatio...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and Hematologic Effects and Immune Complex Formation Related to Pertussis Immunization

et al. 1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3 Phase 1 and phase 2 studies showed that pertussis toxin treated with H 2 O 2 (PTox) was safe and immunogenic in adults 4 and children. 5,6 An open study of clinical pertussis in children receiving the same vaccine and an age-matched nonvaccinated control group showed that the vaccine decreased the risk of pertussis in the vaccinees.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic and Epidemiologic Experience of Vaccination With a Monocomponent Pertussis Toxoid Vaccine

et al. 2001

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Pertussis re-emerged in Sweden with a cumulative incidence of about 60% during the first 10 years of life, when the locally produced cellular vaccine lost its efficacy around 1970 and general vaccination was discontinued in 1979. The epidemiology, clinical features, and immunology of pertussis and a monocomponent pertussis toxoid vaccine were studied in Gö teborg, Sweden.After phase 1 and 2 studies, a randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of pertussis toxoid (PTox), compounded with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, was administered to 3450 children according to the Swedish schedule at 3, 5, and 12 months of age. After a mean follow-up of 18 months, the efficacy was 71% overall and 75% in household contacts, respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between the level of PTox-induced antibodies and protection against pertussis. As observed with cellular and with multicomponent acellular vaccines, PTox reduced the severity of disease and the percent of children with positive cultures. Furthermore, vaccination reduced the transmission of Bordetella pertussis to household contacts in the vaccinees compared with the controls who received only diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. Patients with culture-verified Bordetella parapertussis infection reacted with antibodies to pertactin and to filamentous hemagglutinin but not to pertussis toxin, and some subsequently developed pertussis. The antibody responses of patients with pertussis to the surface polysaccharides of B pertussis and to B parapertussis were cross-reactive serologically. Serosurveys showed that only antibodies to pertussis toxin were related to the occurrence of pertussis in the general population: antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin and pertactin were probably stimulated by antigens of other bacteria as well as Bordetellae.Mass vaccination of Gö teborg children born in the 1990s was started in 1995. In February 1999, about 55% had been vaccinated and both B pertussis and pertussis decreased significantly in individuals of all ages (herd immunity). Similar to diphtheria, PTox-induced immunity to pertussis occurs both on an individual and community basis.The apparent greater efficacy of multicomponent acellular pertussis vaccines compared with monocomponent PTox was proposed to be an artifact created when the diagnosis of pertussis was made by the serologic criteria of the World Health Organization only. Our conclusion is that PTox is both an essential and alone sufficient antigen in acellular pertussis vaccines. Pediatrics 2001; 108(6). URL: http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/ 108/6/e115; pertussis, pertussis toxoid, vaccine.

show abstract

“…The 11 25r peptides as well as the 9 predicted peptide sequences were synthesized on PepSyn KA by the continuous-flow method (10) on a fully automated peptide synthesizer, as described previously (25). T'he photochemical coupling agent 4-benzoylbenzoic acid (99% pure; Aldrich) (33) 40-46 (8,12,17,18,28,30,31,32,33,35,36,39,44); 80 to 89 (1,6,9,10,11,15,16,21,24,25,26,27,34,37,38,40,47,49); 70 to 79 (2,4,5,7,14,19,22,23,29,41,42,43,48); 60 to 69 (3, 13); 50 to 59 (20,45,50). In most cases a single major component was observed, but c...…”

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most cases a single major component was observed, but compound 46 gave two major (30 and 40%) and two minor peaks. Peptides 1,4,7,10,14,18,21,24,28,31,35,38,42,44,47, and 50 were selected at random for fast atom bombardment mass spectometry. The calculated molecular weights were confirmed in all cases, but Cys-containing peptides showed a variable amount of uncleaved side chain-protecting tert-butyl.…”

Section: Materuils and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of B-cell Epitopes on the S4 Subunit of Pertussis Toxin

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinical, metabolic, and antibody responses of adult volunteers to an investigational vaccine composed of pertussis toxin inactivated by hydrogen peroxide

Cited by 68 publications

References 36 publications

Metabolic and Hematologic Effects and Immune Complex Formation Related to Pertussis Immunization

Metabolic and Hematologic Effects and Immune Complex Formation Related to Pertussis Immunization

Immunologic and Epidemiologic Experience of Vaccination With a Monocomponent Pertussis Toxoid Vaccine

Identification of B-cell Epitopes on the S4 Subunit of Pertussis Toxin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About