Clinical manifestations and outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult hospitalized patients

Abstract

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important virus found in adult hospitalized patients.Objectives: To study the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients aged ≥ 15 years and diagnosed with RSV infection. Study design: Both retrospective and prospective cohort studies were conducted at a university hospital between May 2014 and December 2015. Results: RSV was detected in 86 of 1562(5.5%) adult hospitalized patients suspected of respiratory viral infection. Sixty-nine patients were included in the study. RSV was detected by RT-PCR (82.6%), IFA (10.1%), and both RT-PCR and IFA (7.3%). Most patients (87.0%) were aged ≥ 50 years. Cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, immunocompromised hosts, and diabetes were the major comorbidities. The common manifestations were cough (92.8%), dyspnea (91.3%), sputum production (87.0%), tachypnea (75.4%), wheezing (73.9%), and fever (71.0%). Fifty-five patients (79.7%) were diagnosed with pneumonia. Hypoxemia (SpO2 ≤ 92%) was found in 53.6% patients. Twenty-five of 69(36.2%) patients developed respiratory failure and required ventilatory support. Cardiovascular complications were found in 24.6% of patients. Congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction (MI), new atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular tachycardia were found in 9(13.0%), 7(10.1%), 4(5.8%), and 3(4.3%) of 69 patients, respectively. Overall mortality was 15.9%. Pneumonia (81.8%) and acute MI (18.2%) were the major causes of death. Conclusions: Most adult hospitalized patients with RSV infection were of advanced age and had comorbidities. Cardiopulmonary complications were the major causes of death. Management and prevention of RSV infection in these vulnerable groups are necessary.

Underlying cardiopulmonary conditions as a risk factor for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection among community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years in Thailand: Findings from a two-year prospective cohort study

“…The seasonality of influenza and RSV was similar to the pattern identified in past studies in which the infections peaked during the rainy months of June to October [10,17,18]. Incidences of influenza and RSV are higher in our study than previous studies [7,8,10].…”

Viruses of Respiratory Tract: an Observational Retrospective Study on Hospitalized Patients in Rome, Italy

“…Considering the total number of clinical specimens sent to the Virology Lab for respiratory virus detection during the observation period, the percentage of those tested positive was 33.39%, in agreement with the positivity range reported in similar national and international studies [1][2][3][4].…”

“…The identified viral agents included all the respiratory viruses commonly circulating in the community as well as in the hospital setting, namely FLU A and B viruses, RHV/EV, HCOV, RSV, HMPV, PIV and ADV, as already reported by other authors [8][9][10]. It is well known that the knowledge and monitoring of the prevalence of respiratory viruses in hospital settings is very important, as the impact of these infections in hospitalized patients can have more serious consequences than in the general population [1][2][3][4][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

“…Among the respiratory pathogens, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus are the leading causes of lower tract respiratory infections [1]. Although bacterial etiology remains the most common cause of pneumonia, respiratory viral infections are responsible for a large number of hospital admissions among healthy adults, immunocompromised patients, and patients with comorbidities [2,3]. While global monitoring of influenza viruses is well established and aims at the development of effective seasonal vaccines against the influenza virus, the monitoring of other respiratory viruses is not always well defined and requires implementation [4].…”

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Its Propensity for Bacterial Coinfection and Related Mortality in Elderly Adults

“…In adult hospitalized patients with RSV-ARI, bacterial-associated pneumonia was reported in 42.3%–79.7% of cases [ 5 , 6 , 8 ]. In children with bronchiolitis, positive blood culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on blood for the main respiratory bacterial pathogens was strongly associated with more severe RSV infection [ 9 ].…”