Clinical Management of COVID-19 Patients – An Update

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 virus may cause COVID-19 disease, which causes mild-to-moderate disease in 80% of laboratory-confirmed cases have and could be community-managed. A considerable age-dependent mortality is seen among elderly and other at-risk populations but among young and healthy individuals it is < 0.5%. Long term health issues has been reported following severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization as well as after cases of mild COVID-19 without hospitalization. Upon receiving COVID-19 suspected patients at hospitals, patients should be isolated and PPE should be worn by all health staff when in contact with the patients. Additionally, patients are tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR, and blood samples are drawn. Imaging is not pivotal for the diagnosis, but chest X-ray is a relevant examination for all and is used to determine severity and treatment need Abnormal findings on CT scans are found in most patients, most frequently peripheral ground-glass opacity and bilateral patchy shadowing are present. Patients are, according to their needs and risks, treated with oxygen therapy, anticoagulation therapy, steroids, antivirals, or even immunosuppressive drugs. Convalescent plasma therapy and monoclonal antibodies have a limited role in the treatment, mostly in severely immunocompromised patients.

Human Stem Cell Models of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Cardiovascular System

“…While these symptoms can be fatal for some, others may be completely asymptomatic [ 13 ]. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause serious long-term side effects for both hospitalized and asymptomatic individuals, such as anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment, and dyspnea [ 14 , 15 ]. The unpredictable and long-term impact of COVID-19 on the health of infected patients highlights the dire need for curative treatments and models of study.…”

Biological Properties of SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Epidemiological Impact and Clinical Consequences

“…Patients with COVID-19 who have respiratory insufficiency should be closely monitored with continuous pulse oximetry [430]. Maintaining a respiratory frequency (RF) of 24/min, an oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) between 92 and 96%, and/or a pO 2 of 8.5 kPa is the primary focus of treatment choices [432]. If the patient does not maintain these levels, oxygen therapy is started and gradually increased depending on the severity of the respiratory hypoxia.…”

A qualitative analysis of literature reporting and linking psychosis to COVID-19 infection. Findings from a postgraduate journal club

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