Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, surgical features and comparison of surgically treated intervertebral disc extrusion in French bulldogs

Albertini, Guillaume Marc; Stabile, Fabio; Marsh, Oliver; Uriarte, Ane

doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1230280

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the overall number of IVDEs, the most frequently affected IVD was C3–C4 (46.3%), followed by C4–C5 (26.3%), C2–C3 (16.8%), C5–C6 (7.4%) and C6–C7 (3.2%), in agreement with two recent studies specifically focused on the FBs ( 3 , 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Among the 91 dogs with cervical IVDE, the mean age at presentation was 57.4 months (4.7 years), ranging from 19 to 107 months (1.5–8.9 years), in line with the literature on this breed ( 3 , 4 ). FBs appear to have a lower mean age of onset of IVDE than the median age of 7.8 years in Dachshunds and other chondrodystrophic breeds ( 29–32 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The aim of our study was to retrospectively describe the prevalence of neurological disorders in a large cohort of FBs presented at our institution for neck pain and/or clinical signs suggestive of cervical myelopathy. We hypothesized that IVDE was the most common disease associated with this clinical presentation, with a predilection for the C3–C4 intervertebral disc space (IVDS), as previously reported ( 3 , 4 ). The second aim of the study was to report the prevalence of multiple diseases simultaneously affecting the cervical spinal cord in this breed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The vertebral canal in the cervical region is wider, providing more epidural space surrounding the cervical spinal cord, than the vertebral canal in the thoracolumbar region; furthermore, a less massive inflammatory response has been demonstrated in the cervical epidural space following an IVDE ( 33–35 ). Another possible anatomical explanation is a significant difference in the longitudinal extent of extruded IVD material between cervical and thoracolumbar IVDEs in this breed, with this material being significantly less spread in cases affected by cervical IVDEs ( 4 ). Such differences have been hypothetically explained by a more robust meningovertebral ligament in the cervical area than in the thoracolumbar region ( 36 ) or by a potential high-energy and high-velocity modality of extrusion of the thoracolumbar IVDs ( 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another possible anatomical explanation is a significant difference in the longitudinal extent of extruded IVD material between cervical and thoracolumbar IVDEs in this breed, with this material being significantly less spread in cases affected by cervical IVDEs ( 4 ). Such differences have been hypothetically explained by a more robust meningovertebral ligament in the cervical area than in the thoracolumbar region ( 36 ) or by a potential high-energy and high-velocity modality of extrusion of the thoracolumbar IVDs ( 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Prevalence of neurological diseases associated with cervical pain and/or signs of cervical myelopathy in French bulldogs: a retrospective analysis of 105 cases

Capasso,

Canal,

Balducci

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionFrench bulldogs can be affected by several neurological diseases, with myelopathies representing the most frequent cause of neurological signs. Studies focusing on the epidemiology of cervical diseases in this breed are lacking. This study aims to describe the prevalence of neurological pathologies responsible for cervical pain and/or signs of cervical myelopathy, assuming that intervertebral disc herniation represents the most common disease; a second aim was to evaluate how often different pathologies coexist in this spinal region in French bulldogs.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis of medical records from the database of a single referral center (AniCura I Portoni Rossi Veterinary Hospital—Zola Predosa, Bologna, Italy) was performed, including French bulldogs presented for neck pain and/or neurological deficits consistent with cervical myelopathy. Clinical and imaging data were reviewed and used as inclusion criteria. Based on the number of MRI-diagnosed diseases, the eligible dogs were divided into three groups.ResultsOne hundred five French bulldogs met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly diagnosed condition was an intervertebral disc herniation (66.9%), followed by C2 idiopathic hypertrophic ganglioneuritis (15.1%), cervical syringomyelia (11.5%), congenital osseous malformations (1.4%), spinal arachnoid diverticula (1.4%), neoplasms (1.4%), steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (0.7%), traumatic vertebral fractures (0.7%), and other (0.7%). For the vast majority of dogs (75/105) a single pathology was diagnosed, with intervertebral disc herniations accounting for 86.7% of cases, involving C3–C4 IVD most commonly. In the remaining 30 dogs, two or three different and concurrent diseases were detected. Among these 30 dogs, intervertebral disc herniations still remained the most diagnosed condition, in combination with C2 idiopathic hypertrophic ganglioneuritis and syringomyelia in 19 and seven cases, respectively.ConclusionThe results of this study highlight that different pathologies can affect the cervical spinal cord in French bulldogs, with intervertebral disc herniations representing the most frequent condition, as previously described in the veterinary literature. In almost a third of cases, different pathologies can coexist at the cervical level. However, for cases in which different pathologies are present at the same time, it is not always possible to clearly establish their clinical significance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%