Clinical Laboratory Utility of a Humanized Antibody in Commercially Available Enzyme Immunoassays for Coccidioidomycosis

Grill, Francisca J.; Jugler, Collin; Kaleta, Erin J.; Chen, Qiang; Magee, D. Mitchell; Grys, Thomas E.; Lake, Douglas F.

doi:10.1128/spectrum.02573-22

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Although one study retrospectively examined the trend of CF antibody titers over the course of antifungal treatment ( 33 ), the relationship between levels of antibodies solely against CTS1 and disease progression is not currently known. However, CTS1 is a significant seroreactive protein in CF and ID antigen preparations ( 29 , 43 ) used for monitoring patient antibody titers longitudinally, which may suggest the observed CF titer dynamics are similarly applicable to CTS1 serologic kinetics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of anti-coccidioidal antibodies

Grill,

Svarovsky,

Gonzalez-Moa

et al. 2023

J Clin Microbiol

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Coccidioides spp. are dimorphic fungi that are capable of infecting human and non-human mammals and can cause diverse manifestations of coccidioidomycosis or Valley fever (VF). In combination with clinical symptoms and radiographic findings, antibody-based diagnostic tests are often used to diagnose and monitor patients with VF. Chitinase 1 (CTS1) has previously been identified as the seroreactive antigen used in these diagnostic assays to detect anticoccidial IgG. Here, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect IgG to CTS1 demonstrated 165 of 178 (92.7%) patients with a positive result by immunodiffusion (ID) and/or complement fixation (CF) had antibodies to the single antigen CTS1. We then developed a rapid antibody lateral flow assay (LFA) to detect anti-CTS1 antibodies. Out of 143 samples tested, the LFA showed 92.9% positive percent agreement [95% confidence interval (CI), 84.3%–96.9%] and 97.7% negative percent agreement (95% CI, 87.9%–99.6%) with ID and CF assays. Serum or plasma from canines, macaques, and dolphins was also tested by the CTS1 LFA. Test line densities of the CTS1 LFA correlated in a linear manner with the reported CF and ID titers for human and non-human samples, respectively. This 10-min point-of-care test for the rapid detection of anti-coccidioidal antibodies could help to inform healthcare providers in real-time, potentially improving the efficiency of healthcare delivery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plates were blocked with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 1 hour. Human sera were diluted 1:100 in 1% BSA, and a previously published humanized anti-CTS1 monoclonal antibody (4H2) was used as a positive control at 1 µg/mL ( 42 , 43 ). All samples were run in duplicate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of anti-coccidioidal antibodies

Grill,

Svarovsky,

Gonzalez-Moa

et al. 2023

J Clin Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Clinical Laboratory Utility of a Humanized Antibody in Commercially Available Enzyme Immunoassays for Coccidioidomycosis

Abstract: In southwestern and western regions of the United States, at least half a million diagnostic tests for coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) are run annually. Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are blood tests which require precise dilution of patient serum prior to testing.

Cited by 1 publication

References 23 publications

Development of a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of anti-coccidioidal antibodies

Development of a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of anti-coccidioidal antibodies

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