Clinical investigations and treatment outcome in a European wildcat (Felis silvestris silvestris) infected by cardio-pulmonary nematodes

Diakou, Αnastasia; Dimzas, Dimitris; Astaras, Christos; Savvas, Ioannis; Cesare, Angela Di; Morelli, Simone; Neofitos, Κostantinos; Migli, Despina; Traversa, Donato

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100357

Cited by 25 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…All sera samples scored negative for circulating Angiostrongylus antigen at the Angio Detect TM ( Table 1). Although preliminary, this study suggests that cats living in areas where Angiostrongylus is present even with high infection rates (2,(11)(12)(13), are realistically at a null or minor risk of acquiring angiostrongylosis. The absence of A. chabaudi L1s in potentially infected cats could be due to the inability of this metastrongyloid to reach the adult stage in domestic hosts (8,9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…One-hundred domestic cats from regions of Italy and Greece enzootic for Angiostrongylus spp. and major feline cardiorespiratory nematodes (2,9,(11)(12)(13) were examined for the presence of metastrongyloid larvae. Animals were selected as a convenient dataset, as they were referred for routine clinical examinations and/or presence of compatible clinical signs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Angiostrongylus chabaudi is a metastrongyloid nematode that was first described in wildcats from Central Italy in 1957 (7), and that has not been reported again until few years ago, when it was found in a domestic cat (Felis catus) from Sardinia (Italy) as a non-patent infection (8). Then, this parasite has been documented in another non-patently infected domestic cat from Central Italy (9) and in wildcats from Germany (10), Italy (11), Greece (12,13), Romania (14), Bulgaria (15), Bosnia and Herzegovina (16). Recently, the European wildcat has been shown to be the definitive host of A. chabaudi, with a demonstration of patent infections and presence of first stage larvae (L1) in the feces for the first time (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Angiostrongylosis a Realistic Threat for Domestic Cats?

et al. 2020

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Three species of Angiostrongylus have been found in felids thus far, i.e., Angiostrongylus chabaudi, Angiostrongylus felineus and Angiostrongylus vasorum. Angiostrongylus chabaudi lives in the right heart and pulmonary arteries of the definitive natural host, the European wildcat (Felis silvestris), and non-patent infections have been reported in domestic cats (Felis catus). Angiostrongylus felineus, described in the Puma yaguarondi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), has never been reported in domestic felids, while recently a non-patent infection by A. vasorum was unequivocally described in a F. catus. Nonetheless, epizootiological and clinical relevance of angiostrongylosis in domestic cats are practically unknown. This study investigated whether cases of angiostrongylosis may be missed in cats living in areas enzootic for Angiostrongylus spp. and other metastrongyloids. Overall, 100 cats that were either positive (n.50) or negative (n.50) for metastrongyloid larvae at the Baermann's test, were examined for Angiostrongylus spp. with DNA-based methods and with the serological test Angio Detect TM for circulating antigen. The PCR analysis confirmed the copromicroscopy results, where 25 cats scored positive for Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, 16 for Troglostrongylus brevior and 9 for both, while no cats were positive for Angiostrongylus-like larvae, including A. chabaudi. None of the 100 sera samples scored positive at the Angio Detect TM test. These data suggest that currently feline angiostrongylosis is a minor parasitosis for domestic cats. Nevertheless, it cannot be excluded that the epizootiological drivers which have favored the spillover of A. vasorum and T. brevior from wildlife to dogs and cats, could promote the emergence of feline angiostrongylosis, with an unpredictable health impact.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Angiostrongylosis a Realistic Threat for Domestic Cats?

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely used to control pests with piercing-sucking mouthparts on crops. In addition, it is reported that imidacloprid can effectively cure many cases of cardiopulmonary parasite infection in European feral cats [2]. Imidacloprid was first registered in the United States (U.S.) in 1992 by Miles Inc., and was approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1994 [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Toxicity and Degradation Mechanisms of Imidacloprid Via Physicochemical and Microbial Approaches

Pang

Lin

Zhang

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that has been widely used to control insect pests in agricultural fields for decades. It shows insecticidal activity mainly by blocking the normal conduction of the central nervous system in insects. However, in recent years, imidacloprid has been reported to be an emerging contaminant in all parts of the world, and has different toxic effects on a variety of non-target organisms, including human beings, due to its large-scale use. Hence, the removal of imidacloprid from the ecosystem has received widespread attention. Different remediation approaches have been studied to eliminate imidacloprid residues from the environment, such as oxidation, hydrolysis, adsorption, ultrasound, illumination, and biodegradation. In nature, microbial degradation is one of the most important processes controlling the fate of and transformation from imidacloprid use, and from an environmental point of view, it is the most promising means, as it is the most effective, least hazardous, and most environmentally friendly. To date, several imidacloprid-degrading microbes, including Bacillus, Pseudoxanthomonas, Mycobacterium, Rhizobium, Rhodococcus, and Stenotrophomonas, have been characterized for biodegradation. In addition, previous studies have found that many insects and microorganisms have developed resistance genes to and degradation enzymes of imidacloprid. Furthermore, the metabolites and degradation pathways of imidacloprid have been reported. However, reviews of the toxicity and degradation mechanisms of imidacloprid are rare. In this review, the toxicity and degradation mechanisms of imidacloprid are summarized in order to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the remediation of imidacloprid-contaminated environments.

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