Clinical implications of cephalic vein morphometry in routine cardiac implantable electronic device insertion

Steckiewicz, Roman; Świętoń, Elżbieta Barbara; Stolarz, Przemysław; Grabowski, Marcin

doi:10.5603/fm.2015.0107

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…3,5 However, successful lead passage through the CV depends on the morpho-anatomical parameters of the vessel and other factors such as the size and structure of the leads introduced via the CV, vessel wall elasticity, and operator experience. 1,9,13 In this study, CV access was achieved in 48 of 54 (88.9%) of those individuals with a favorable score (type A) but only in five of 46 (10.9%) of those with an unfavorable score (type B). The morphoanatomical characteristics of the CV were analyzed and related with successful lead passage in one prior study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The scoring system also included patients with a CV that was not visible when performing venography, most commonly due to an CV-AV confluence site that is decidedly lower than the expected region. 1 This type of CV patient was given 0 points ( Figure 3A).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of procedures for cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) placement continues to increase. 1 Many reports have examined variations of CIED implantation techniques. [2][3][4] Of course, no account can totally cover all of the implant techniques and variations used by different operators; as with any practical skill, written descriptions cannot replace the practical experience of a skilled implanter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scoring System Assessment of Cephalic Vein Access for Device Implantation

Taleski

Poposka

Janusevski

et al. 2018

J Innov Cardiac Rhythm Manage.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the usability of the cephalic vein (CV) for cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) lead access by applying a scoring system to assess the venous anatomy. This prospective, single-center study included 100 consecutive patients who underwent CIED implantation within a period of one year. Contrast-enhanced venography images were obtained for every patient, focused on the CV, "T-junction," and the subclavian/ axillary veins (SV/AVs). Though careful examination of the images, an angle, valves, diameter, noncollateral (AVDnC) score was constructed and used to aid in choosing a CV or SV/AV access approach; in all cases, however, the preferred approach was CV independent of the AVDnC score result obtained. Upon use of the scoring system, the majority of patients (54%) had type A score result (≥ 3), indicating a favorable anatomy for CV access. In 48 of these patients, the CV was used for the implantation of at least one lead. The remaining 46 (46%) patients had type B score result (≤ 2). In 41 patients from this group, SV/AV access was used for lead implantation and, in five patients, CV access was used. The number of leads introduced through the CV was associated with larger score and the operator's experience. In conclusion, in more than 50% of patients, at least one lead could be introduced through the CV. The scoring system used herein can simplify the choice between CV and SV/AV access and could eventually increase the efficiency and safety of the procedure, especially when less experienced implanters are involved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scoring System Assessment of Cephalic Vein Access for Device Implantation

Taleski

Poposka

Janusevski

et al. 2018

J Innov Cardiac Rhythm Manage.

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“…Both techniques, AV/SV puncture and CV cutdown, involve the vascular segments found within the clavipectoral triangle [2,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A vast majority of those are procedures involving transvenous cardiac lead insertion. Currently, there are two main techniques for lead insertion: cephalic vein (CV) cutdown and axillary vein or subclavian vein puncture (AV/SV puncture) [2,5,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axillary vein spasm during cardiac implantable electronic device implantation

Steckiewicz

Gorko

Świętoń³

et al. 2016

Folia Morphol

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A supraclavicular cephalic vein drained into the subclavian vein

Han

Kim

et al. 2017

Surg Radiol Anat

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Although the cephalic vein follows a fairly consistent course, numerous variants have been reported. We found a rare anatomical presentation of the cephalic vein in a 75-year-old Korean male cadaver. The left cephalic vein was identified in the deltopectoral groove, ascended over the clavicle, and terminated into the left subclavian vein just before its union with the left internal jugular vein. The detailed knowledge on the variations of the cephalic vein is important for clinicians as well as anatomists since the approach through the axillary base is favored in many invasive clinical procedures.

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Clinical implications of cephalic vein morphometry in routine cardiac implantable electronic device insertion

Abstract: reported CV variations. (Folia Morphol 2015; 74, 4: 458-464)

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Scoring System Assessment of Cephalic Vein Access for Device Implantation

Scoring System Assessment of Cephalic Vein Access for Device Implantation

Axillary vein spasm during cardiac implantable electronic device implantation

A supraclavicular cephalic vein drained into the subclavian vein

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