Clinical impact of bloodstream infection on acute cholecystitis indicated for emergency cholecystectomy

Abstract

Background The significance of blood culture for acute cholecystitis remains unclear. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent emergency cholecystectomy at Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center to examine the clinical impact of bloodstream infection (BSI), focusing on the association of BSI with bactibilia and severity grade based on the Tokyo guidelines 2018 (TG18). Results Among 177 patients included in the study, 32 had positive and 145 had negative BSI. Significant differences were observed between the positive and negative BSI in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA‐PS) and TG18 severity score. The odds ratios of BSI for patients aged ≥72 years, with a BMI of ≤21.8, an ASA‐PS of ≥3E, and grade III acute cholecystitis were 3.45, 3.23, 2.43 and 4.51, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, lower BMI and grade III were significantly associated with BSI with odds ratios of 2.53 (95% confidence interval: 1.07‐6.21, P = .037) and 3.03 (95% confidence interval: 1.02‐8.82, P = .041). Bacterial species that could not be isolated in the bile culture alone were identified in blood culture on 10 (38.5%) of 26 patients. Conclusions Bloodstream infection is associated with grade III acute cholecystitis. Blood culture enables the identification of bacteria that cannot be isolated in bile culture. Blood culture should be obtained for patients with grade III acute cholecystitis who undergo emergency cholecystectomy.

For safe and fast surgery: Utilization of the SAND balloon catheter for acute cholecystitis

“…The second of the two additional benefits of utilizing the SAND balloon catheter in surgical procedures is the ability to confirm the results of bacterial bile culture. Although the significance of blood culture in AC remains controversial, Hanabata et al 18 concluded that liquid culture can identify bacteria that cannot be isolated by bile culture, and the authors thus emphasized the importance of blood culture. Our previous study 11 also indicated that AC after cardiovascular surgery is associated with severe cholecystitis and that blood culture examination is imperative in severe cholecystitis.…”