Clinical, immunophenotypic and functional characterisation of T‐cell leukaemia in six horses

Abstract

Characterisation of the clinical, pathological and immunological findings in 6 horses with LL has added to reports of this rare condition, characterised it in greater detail and therefore provides a starting point for further investigations.

Acute B-lymphoid leukemia in a mare: a case report

“…These changes could be mostly a result of bone marrow neoplasia, but without any bone marrow examination it is not possible to confirm this theory. Hypoalbuminemia has been reported in a few cases of lymphomas and LL (McClure, 2000;Rendle et al, 2007). Hypoalbuminemia in this case was not likely to be due to intestinal or renal disease because there were no clinical signs present which generally accompany disease of these organ systems.…”

“…Due to the large number of blast cells in the peripheral blood in this case, diagnosis could be made using cytochemical staining and flow cytometry. Cytochemical staining of blast cells in the peripheral blood is an accurate way of classifying cells from the peripheral blood of bone marrow aspirate (Rendle et al, 2007). Clear results were obtained from the negative reaction to peroxidase, PAS and acid phosphatase reaction in this case.…”

“…There exist reports on only 10 horses in total in which lymphoid leukemias with T or B cell origins have been studied. Two of these had LL of B cell origin, whereas in eight horses LL of T cell origin was confirmed (Dascanio et al, 1992;McClure et al, 2001;Rendle et al, 2007). Bone marrow aspirate was performed postmortem but unfortunately was not qualifiable.…”

“…Regarding their cellular origin leukemias are categorized as lymphoid or myeloid and they can be classified as myelogenous or lymphoid based on their origin. B cell origin of lymphoid leukemias seems to be less frequent than T cell lymphoid leukemia in horses (Dascanio et al, 1992;McClure et al, 2001;Rendle et al, 2007).…”

“…Lymphoid leukemia (LL) can be primary or secondary on the base of primary bone marrow neoplasia or secondary metastasis of lymphoma into bone marrow (McClure, 2000). There is scant published data regarding the treatment of leukoproliferative disease in horses (Byrne et al, 1991;Gerber et al, 2002;Saulez et al, 2004;Rendle et al, 2007).…”