Clinical features of Q fever pneumonia

Okimoto, Niro; Asaoka, Naoko; Osaki, Kohichi; Kurihara, Takeyuki; Kikkawa, Yamato; Sunagawa, Takako; Fujita, Kazue; Ohba, Hideo; Nakamura, Junichi; Nakada, Keiichi

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2004.00586.x

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…veloped in the guinea pigs in this study corresponded to those seen for human Q fever pneumonia (29,31,37). The change from the panleukocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia seen at 7 days p.i.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Acute Q fever generally presents as a flu-like illness with severe periorbital headache, high fever, malaise, myalgia, rare nonproductive cough, and weight loss (29,33). This illness can progress to Q fever pneumonia, characterized by gross lung consolidation and an interstitial pneumonia with bronchial and alveolar exudates and inflammatory infiltrates consisting primarily of lymphocytes and macrophages (29,31,37). Acute Q fever patients may also develop hepatitis (8), alone or in combination with the respiratory illness (30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical and Pathologic Changes in a Guinea Pig Aerosol Challenge Model of Acute Q Fever

et al. 2006

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Acute Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii and can manifest as a flu-like illness, pneumonia, or hepatitis. A need exists in Q fever research for animal models mimicking both the typical route of infection (inhalation) and the clinical illness seen in human cases of Q fever. A guinea pig aerosol challenge model was developed using C. burnetii Nine Mile phase I (RSA 493), administered using a specialized chamber designed to deliver droplet nuclei directly to the alveolar spaces. Guinea pigs were given 10 1 to 10 6 organisms and evaluated for 28 days postinfection. Clinical signs included fever, weight loss, respiratory difficulty, and death, with the degree and duration of response corresponding to the dose of organism delivered. Histopathologic evaluation of the lungs of animals infected with a high dose showed coalescing panleukocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia at 7 days postinfection that resolved to multifocal lymphohistiocytic interstitial pneumonia by 28 days. Guinea pigs receiving a killed whole-cell vaccine prior to challenge with the highest dose of C. burnetii were protected against lethal infection and did not develop fever. Clinical signs and pathological changes noted for these guinea pigs were comparable to those seen in human acute Q fever, making this an accurate and valuable animal model of human disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pathologic Changes in a Guinea Pig Aerosol Challenge Model of Acute Q Fever

et al. 2006

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“…Infected animals contaminate the environment by shedding Coxiella burnetii in milk, feces, urine, saliva [13, 92], and very importantly in vaginal secretions, placenta, amniotic fluids, and other products of conception [13, 92–99]. Coxiella burnetii also spreads by wind causing infections at a distance from the initial source of bacteria [93, 96, 100, 101]. …”

Section: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Q Fever: Current State of Knowledge and Perspectives of Research of a Neglected Zoonosis

Porter

Czaplicki²,

Mainil

et al. 2011

International Journal of Microbiology

190

201

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Q fever is an ubiquitous zoonosis caused by an resistant intracellular bacterium, Coxiella burnetii. In certain areas, Q fever can be a severe public health problem, and awareness of the disease must be promoted worldwide. Nevertheless, knowledge of Coxiella burnetii remains limited to this day. Its resistant (intracellular and environmental) and infectious properties have been poorly investigated. Further understanding of the interactions between the infected host and the bacteria is necessary. Domestic ruminants are considered as the main reservoir of bacteria. Infected animals shed highly infectious organisms in milk, feces, urine, vaginal mucus, and, very importantly, birth products. Inhalation is the main route of infection. Frequently asymptomatic in humans and animals, Q fever can cause acute or chronic infections. Financial consequences of infection can be dramatic at herd level. Vaccination with inactive whole-cell bacteria has been performed and proved effective in humans and animals. However, inactive whole-cell vaccines present several defects. Recombinant vaccines have been developed in experimental conditions and have great potential for the future. Q fever is a challenging disease for scientists as significant further investigations are necessary. Great research opportunities are available to reach a better understanding and thus a better prevention and control of the infection.

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“…They are usually mildly elevated two to three times of the normal levels. 12 Fever, pulmonary signs, and elevated liver enzyme levels can coexist, as in our case, and they may be misinterpreted. Since, symptoms of Q fever can vary, fixing diagnosis is done by serology with the phase I and the phase II antibody.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%