Clinical features of kidney cancer in primary care: a case-control study using primary care records

The association between symptoms and bladder or renal tract cancer in primary care: a systematic review

“…The studies included a total of 3 451 675 patients and were conducted in the UK, 9,12,13,[16][17][18] the Netherlands, 14,15 Belgium, 8 and the US. 10,11 The reference standards employed in the studies were all follow-up.…”

“…Eleven of these 56 papers were included in this review, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] while 45 were excluded for the following reasons: narrative review (n = 15); patients, setting, or outcomes did not meet the inclusion criteria (n = 29); and not enough information available to ascertain relevance (n = 1).…”

Symptoms of adult chronic and acute leukaemia before diagnosis: large primary care case-control studies using electronic records

“…The methods follow those of previous primary care cancer articles. 16,17 The CPRD contains anonymised primary care medical records from around 680 UK general practices, representing 8.8% of the population. Personal information is collected, as well as clinical events such as symptom reporting, diagnoses, prescriptions, and investigation results.…”

Quantifying the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in symptomatic primary care patients aged ≥40 years: a large case–control study using electronic records

“…The methods follow that of previous papers by the same authors. [18][19][20] This large computerised database contains anonymised patient data from over 680 general practices, covering 8.8% of the UK population. Patient registration data and primary care clinical events are recorded.…”