Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients

Liu, Kai; Chen, Ying; Lin, Ruzheng; Han, Kunyuan

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005

Cited by 1,404 publications

(1,475 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Since December of 2019, scientists all over the world have been working to establish animal model of COVID-19. So far there are several models reported in preprinted journals or peer-reviewed published journals, including two small murine models (hACE2 transgenic mouse 14 and Gold Syrian hamster 15 ), one ferret model 16 Retrospective studies of clinical features of COVID-19 show that older patients have more severe diseases, which may be associated with comorbidities, including tumor, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, heart diseases and so on [18][19][20] . These underlying diseases may make senior patients more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and worsen COVID-19.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Recently Reported As Another Novel Coronavirus Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 infections among 3 species of non-human primates

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

149

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COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has recently been announced as a pandemic all over the world. Plenty of diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic knowledges have been enriched from clinical studies since December 2019. However, animal models, particularly non-human primate models, are urgently needed for critical questions that could not be answered in clinical patients, evaluations of anti-viral drugs and vaccines. In this study, two families of non-human primates, old world monkeys (12 Macaca mulatta, 6 Macaca fascicularis) and new world monkeys (6 Callithrix jacchus), were experimentally inoculated with SARS-CoV-2. Clinical signs were recorded. Samples were collected for analysis of viral shedding, viremia and histopathological examination. Increased body temperature was observed in 100% (12/12) M. mulatta, 33.3% (2/6) M. fascicularis and none (0/6) of C. jacchus post inoculation of SARS-CoV-2. All of M. mulatta and M. fascicularis showed chest radiographic abnormality. Viral genomes were detected in nasal swabs, throat swabs, anal swabs and blood from all 3 species of monkeys. Viral shedding from upper respiratory reached the peak between day 6 and day 8 post inoculation. From necropsied M. mulatta and M. fascicularis, tissues showing virus positive were mainly lung, weasand, bronchus and spleen. No viral genome was seen in any of tissues from 2 necropsied C.jacchus. Severe gross lesions and histopathological changes were observed in lung, heart and stomach of SARS-CoV-2 infected animals. In summary, we have established a NHP model for COVID-19, which could be used to evaluate drugs and vaccines, and investigate viral pathogenesis. M. mulatta is the most susceptible to SARS-CoV2 infection, followed by M. fascicularis and C. jacchus. One Sentence Summary:M. mulatta is the most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection as compared to M. fascicularis and C. jacchus.

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Section: Sars-cov-2 Recently Reported As Another Novel Coronavirus Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 infections among 3 species of non-human primates

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

149

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“…Because elderly people with COVID-19 are prone to multi-system organ dysfunction 6 , they may present different laboratory outcomes. Early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in elderly patients is absolutely essential because elderly patients especially those with underlying diseases are more susceptible to severe illness and the mortality of them is higher 6,30 . A study carried out by Kai et al demonstrated that lymphopenia in elderly COVID-19 confirmed patients was significantly higher than that in the young and middle-aged groups.…”

Section: Laboratory Findings Of Covid-19 In Elderly Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some patients rapidly develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and additional severe complications, which are ultimately followed by multiple organ failure 5 , hence, timely diagnosis of patients is very essential. Although detection of viral nucleic acid using real-time reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold standard of diagnosis and monitoring, it is very time-consuming and has a high prevalence of false-negative results 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Findings of COVID-19 Infection are Conflicting in Different Age Groups and Pregnant Women: A Literature Review

Vakili

Savardashtaki

Jamalnia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Coronavirus disease 2019 , a new type and rapidly spread viral pneumonia, is now producing an outbreak of pandemic proportions. The clinical features and laboratory results of different age groups are different due to the general susceptibility of the disease. The laboratory findings of COVID-19 in pregnant women are also conflicting. Para-clinical investigations including laboratory tests and radiologic findings play an important role in early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of severe acute respiratory syndrome and coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The majority of previous reports on the SARS-CoV-2 laboratory results were based on data from the general population and limited information is available based on age difference and pregnancy status. This review aimed to describe the COVID-19 laboratory findings in neonates, children, adults, elderly and pregnant women altogether for the first time.The most attracting and reliable markers of COVID-19 in patients were: normal C-reactive protein (CRP) and very different and conflicting laboratory results regardless of clinical symptoms in neonates, normal or temporary elevated CRP, conflicting WBC count results and procalcitonin elevation in children, lymphopenia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in adult patients, lymphopenia and elevated CRP and LDH in the elderly people and high CRP, leukocytosis and elevated neutrophil ratio in pregnant women.

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“…While two online surveys of 1,000 South Koreans in late February and late March released by the KCDC revealed that 75.4% and 88.7% of respondents, respectively, refrained from using public transport, it is not clear whether such high levels of risk perception are representative of the extent to which the general public actually practiced social distancing [4]. It is also important to be aware as to how specific population groups changed their behavior in response to COVID-19, since susceptible groups, such as the elderly, are more likely to progress to severe cases of COVID-19, and since other groups, such as those working in companies, may have less autonomy over practicing social distancing [5,6]. Understanding people's behavior is crucial in responding to COVID-19 as it forms the basis for changing behavior [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Subway Ridership in Response to COVID-19 in Seoul, South Korea: Implications for Social Distancing

Park¹

2020

Cureus

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Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients

Cited by 1,404 publications

References 14 publications

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 infections among 3 species of non-human primates

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 infections among 3 species of non-human primates

Laboratory Findings of COVID-19 Infection are Conflicting in Different Age Groups and Pregnant Women: A Literature Review

Changes in Subway Ridership in Response to COVID-19 in Seoul, South Korea: Implications for Social Distancing

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