Clinical Features of Children With Autism Who Passed 18-Month Screening

Øien, Roald A.; Schjølberg, Synnve; Volkmar, Fred R.; Shic, Frederick; Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Nordahl‐Hansen, Anders; Stenberg, Nina; Hornig, Mady; Havdahl, Alexandra; Øyen, Anne‐Siri; Ventola, Pamela; Süsser, Ezra; Eisemann, Martin; Chawarska, Katarzyna

doi:10.1542/peds.2017-3596

Cited by 55 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The findings lend credence to the USPSTF concern that "clinical and convenience samples do not adequately demonstrate the psychometric properties of screeners in practice." 7 In this study, Øien et al 8 reinforce the notion that screened and clinical populations may be systematically different and that more research is needed to understand such differences.…”

supporting

confidence: 52%

“…7 Yet, few longitudinal cohort studies of ASD screening exist, and none of the studies, to our knowledge, has reported on the longitudinal follow-up of screen-negative children until now. In the current study by Øien et al, 8 the authors managed 68 197 children who screened negative for ASD using the MCHAT. These children were also screened with the broadbased Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) 9 and the Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability Temperament Survey (EAS).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Improving Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Is It Time for Something New?

2018

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Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be reliably detected by age 2, the average age of diagnosis ranges from age 4 to 6, depending on the population. 1 Because earlier access to treatment is thought to improve outcomes, 2 delays in diagnosis may lead to avoidable morbidity. In an effort to lower the average age of diagnosis, considerable efforts are being made to promote early ASD screening. 3-5 Two predominant strategies exist: broad-based developmental surveillance and targeted ASD screening. 6, 7 Although there are data to support each strategy, targeted ASD screening has recently gained popularity. The American Academy of Pediatrics, for example, recommends all children receive an ASD-specific screener at their 18and 24-month well-child visit, and it proactively supports these guidelines with resources and trainings. 3

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supporting

confidence: 52%

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confidence: 99%

Improving Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Is It Time for Something New?

2018

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“…Of note, research is lacking on the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in those identified with autism through universal screening. In addition, although it is possible to identify some children with autism before parents or professionals have identified concerns, diagnosis is missed in many children 152 , and most tested cohorts have not been systematically followed up to identify later-onset autism in children who initially tested negatively 153 . Screening also often identifies children with broader developmental difficulties as well as those with autism 154 .…”

Section: [H2] Diagnosis and Screening In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder

Lord

Brugha

Charman

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Dis Primers

876

741

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a construct used to describe individuals with a specific combination of impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviours, highly restricted interests and/or sensory behaviours beginning early in life. The worldwide prevalence of autism is just under 1%, but estimates are higher in high-resource countries. Although gross brain pathology is not characteristic of autism, subtle anatomical and functional differences have been observed in postmortem, neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies. Initially it was hoped that accurate measurement of behavioural phenotypes would lead to specific genetic subtypes, but genetic findings have mainly applied to heterogeneous groups that are not specific to autism. Psychosocial interventions in children can improve specific behaviours, such as joint attention, language and social engagement that may affect further development and could reduce symptom severity. However, further research is necessary to identify the long-term needs and treatments and the mechanisms behind them that could result in improved independence and quality of life over time. Families are often the major source of support for people with AUTISM throughout much of life and need to be considered, along with the perspectives of autistic persons, in both research and practice. [H1] Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common, highly heritable and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that has underlying cognitive features and commonly co-occurs with other conditions. The Autism spectrum disorder-or autism-is a neurodevelopmental disorder that typically manifests in young children. This Primer by Lord and colleagues reviews the epidemiology, mechanisms, clinical detection and treatment of autism.

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“…Contrary to this, but in line with previous reports (Bishop et al 2016 ; Arabameri and Sotoodeh 2015 ), we found that females with autistic symptoms (regardless of ASD diagnosis) are more liable to delayed walking compared with males. Findings from screening-negative infants later diagnosed with ASD (Oien et al 2018 ) have highlighted the discrepancy between categorical criteria for ASD and developmental signs of an emerging or subthreshold autism phenotype (Oien et al 2018 ). Specifically, girls had less advanced early gross motor skills compared with boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of First Walking and Associations with Symptom Severity in Children with Suspected or Diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder

Reindal

Nærland

Weidle

et al. 2019

J Autism Dev Disord

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Background: In Mali, the national health facility-based prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) was 4.5% (105/2,343) and the age of rst medical visit for autistic children was around 7 years old in 2018. Parental recognition of developmental abnormalities initiates the early autism detection and diagnosis. Our aim was to investigate if parental concerns were associated with early rst medical visits and subsequent ASD diagnostic in Mali. Methods: We conducted a pilot study from November 2017 to July 2019. We surveyed parents of 57 out of 60 available autistic children aged 3-14 years old. Results: Parents were concerned over verbal communication in 54.1% and reciprocal social interaction in 43.8%. Children with ASD had their rst medical visit after 18 months old in 66.7%, ≥ two medical visits in 87.7%, and were identi ed after 36 months old in 76.8%. Conclusion: Parental concerns were not signi cantly associated with early rst medical visit and ASD identi cation. Our results will guide future full scale studies on parental concerns in ASD in Mali. Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) affect 1 in 59 children aged 8 years old in the United States of America (U.S.A.) [1]. ASD are recognized as an emerging global public health concern due to the increasing worldwide prevalence and awareness along the need for early diagnostic and lifelong care [2,3]. Almost everything we know about ASD still comes from the World Bank high-income countries mainly. In sub-Sahara Africa, the stigma and unmet needs of parents and children with ASD are considerable while the prevalence of ASD is still unknown [4-6]. In Mali, the health facility-based prevalence of ASD was 4.5% (105/2,343) in 2018 [7]. Early ASD diagnosis is very important because it helps to ensure appropriate services are offered and because this may improve prognosis [8,9]. Early intervention in ASD requires early detection, which depends on early screening. Various early autism screening tools have been developed in the U.S. to promote early autism risk detection [10]. In developed countries, the online version of the Modi ed checklist for autism in toddlers-Revised/follow up (M-CHAT-R/F) and the social communication questionnaire (SCQ) are available to parents who suspect their children at risk of ASD [11]. In Mali, we have validated the M-CHAT-R and SCQ in 2017-2018 to screen ASD in toddlers aged 18-24 months old and people aged 4-20 years old suspected with ASD, respectively [12]. Timely ASD diagnostic requires early detection, which greatly depends on parental recognition of developmental abnormalities [13]. In the U.S.A, parental concerns of childhood developmental abnormalities have been associated with early or late ASD screening and diagnostic as well as the overall well-being of autistic children [14,15]. In general, initial concerns about the autistic child's development come rst from their parents in up to 80% [16]. Developmental motor delays during early childhood may represent an important predictor for ASD diagnostic [17,18]. In high risk child...

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Clinical Features of Children With Autism Who Passed 18-Month Screening

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Improving Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Is It Time for Something New?

Improving Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Is It Time for Something New?

Autism spectrum disorder

Age of First Walking and Associations with Symptom Severity in Children with Suspected or Diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder

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