Clinical features, Diagnosis, and Treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review of case reports and case series

Tahvildari, Azin; Arbabi, Mahta; Farsi, Yeganeh; Jamshidi, Parnian; Hasanzadeh, Saba; Calcagno, Tess Moore; Nasiri, Mohammad Javad; Mirsaeidi, Mehdi

doi:10.1101/2020.03.28.20046151

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…There are non-specific laboratory abnormalities observed in patients with COVID-19 infection. The most common laboratory findings include lymphopenia, elevated Creactive Protein (CRP), elevated aspartate aminotransferase, hypoalbuminemia, elevated procalcitonin level, elevated Ddimer and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (152)(153)(154). Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins, MCP1, MIP1A, MIP1BTNFα, IFNγ, IP10, and MCP1) were found to be elevated in patients with COVID-19.…”

Section: Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Major Coronavirus Outbreaks

et al. 2020

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Section: Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a higher concentration of GCSF, IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα were noted in critically ill individuals requiring treatment in the intensive care unit (155). Along with the clinical presentation of COVID-19, elevated serum CRP may be used as a marker for the presence and severity of the disease (152).…”

Section: Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Major Coronavirus Outbreaks

et al. 2020

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“…Some data in adults have established fever (71%-83%) and cough (65%-80%) as the most commonly reported symptoms. 15,16 Other symptoms in adults, such as headaches or myalgia, are not usually reported in children. Nonmild disease (defined as pneumonia or need for hospitalization) or a more severe illness accounted for 33.3% and 9.1% of all the cases reported, respectively, in this review.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten key points about COVID‐19 in children: The shadows on the wall

Escosa-García

Aguilera‐Alonso

Calvo

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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The pandemic of the new coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), initially described in China, is challenging the health care systems of all countries. Every emerging disease raises many questions with a scarcity of answers since all its characteristics are still being discovered. In the case of SARS‐CoV‐2, most of the literature comes from adult patients. Children seem to be less affected. Pediatric patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 disease usually suffer a mild illness, with a low risk of complications, or mortality. Defining the role of children in the transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 is critical as some national infection control decisions involving children, such as school closures or social distancing, will probably impact the dynamics of the virus. To aid in the knowledge of COVID‐19 in children, this study presents an expert review of the literature published from 1 January to 28 May 2020, including peer‐reviewed and preprint nonpeer‐reviewed studies, along with some relevant articles afterward, summarizing ten key points that characterize the disease in children.

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“…Numerous demographic, clinical, genetic, and behavioral factors have been identified to influence susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and, among those infected, the severity of the disease, including the risk of death. Those factors include age, sex [3], genetic loci of certain cytokines/chemokines and the ABO blood system group [4,5], smoking history [6], obesity and underlying comorbidities such diabetes, hypertension, lung diseases [7,8], and cancer [9][10][11]. Among cancer patients, those with malignancies of hematological origin have been reported as particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 genomic and quasispecies analyses in cancer patients reveal relaxed intrahost virus evolution

Siqueira

Goes

Alves

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Numerous factors have been identified to influence susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity. Cancer patients are more prone to clinically evolve to more severe COVID-19 conditions, but the determinants of such a more severe outcome remain largely unknown. We have determined the full-length SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences of cancer patients and healthcare workers (HCW; non-cancer controls) by deep sequencing and investigated the within-host viral quasispecies of each infection, quantifying intrahost genetic diversity. Naso- and oropharyngeal SARS-CoV-2+ swabs from 57 cancer patients and 14 healthcare workers (HCW) from the Brazilian Cancer Institute were collected in April–May 2020. Complete genome amplification using ARTIC network V3 multiplex primers was performed followed by next-generation sequencing. Assemblies were conducted in Geneious R11, where consensus sequences were extracted and intrahost single nucleotide variants (iSNVs) were identified. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis was performed using PhyMLv.3.0 and lineages were classified using Pangolin and CoV-GLUE. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all but one strain belonged to clade B1.1. Four genetically linked mutations known as the globally dominant SARS-CoV-2 haplotype (C241T, C3037T, C14408T and A23403G) were found in the majority of consensus sequences. SNV signatures of previously characterized Brazilian genomes were also observed in most samples. Another 85 SNVs were found at a lower frequency (1.4-19.7%). Cancer patients displayed a significantly higher intrahost viral genetic diversity compared to HCW (p = 0.009). Intrahost genetic diversity in cancer patients was independent of SARS-CoV-2 Ct values, and was not associated with disease severity, use of corticosteroids, or use of antivirals, characteristics that could influence viral diversity. Such a feature may explain, at least in part, the more adverse outcomes to which cancer/COVID-19 patients experience.Author SummaryCancer patients are more prone to clinically evolve to more severe COVID-19 conditions, but the determinants of such a more severe outcome remain largely unknown. In this study, phylogenetic and variation analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from cancer patients and non-cancer healthcare workers at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute were characterized by deep sequencing. Viral genomes showed signatures characteristic of Brazilian viruses, consistent with the hypothesis of local, community transmission rather than virus importation from abroad. Despite most genomes in patients and healthcare workers belonging to the same lineage, intrahost variability was higher in cancer patients when compared to non-cancer counterparts. The intrahost genomic diversity analysis presented in our study highlights the relaxed evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in a vulnerable population of cancer patients. The high number of minor variations can result in the selection of immune escape variants, resistance to potential drugs, and/or increased pathogenicity. The impact of this higher intrahost variability over time warrants further investigation.

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Clinical features, Diagnosis, and Treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review of case reports and case series

Abstract: 2Objectives: The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been declared a public health 3 emergency worldwide. The objective of this systematic review was to characterize the clinical, 4 diagnostic, and treatment characteristics of patients presenting with COVID-19. 5

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Major Coronavirus Outbreaks

Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Major Coronavirus Outbreaks

Ten key points about COVID‐19 in children: The shadows on the wall

SARS-CoV-2 genomic and quasispecies analyses in cancer patients reveal relaxed intrahost virus evolution

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