Clinical features and multidisciplinary treatment outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia: A report of three cases

Li, Chun; Wu, Chang-Hui; Zheng, Xiangde; Zeng, Fanwei; Liu, Jinping; Wang, Pingxi; Zeng, Fanxin; Lin, Yuan; Zhu, Fangcheng; Gan, Xuemei; Huang, Yanxiong

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2020.04.008

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“… 17 More recently, the survival of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia reportedly depended on a similar approach. 18 To further highlight the MDT concept, we describe two cases of AKI in patients with GN and mTSS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparate effects of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection on renal function in IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis and menstrual toxic shock syndrome: a case report and literature review

et al. 2020

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The sudden outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pneumonia posed a significant challenge to medical professionals because treatment of critically ill patients requires the efforts of a multidisciplinary team. To highlight this principle, we examined acute kidney injury (AKI) in IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis (GN) and menstrual toxic shock syndrome (mTSS). Both GN and mTSS are rare diseases caused by staphylococcal infection, and renal function is frequently impaired. The resulting AKIs are disparate pathological entities driven by distinct immune mechanisms. We begin by describing the case of a diabetic man with pyopneumothorax following methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). He had endocapillary proliferative GN with in situ IgA-dominant immune-complex formation in the mesangium accompanied by complement C3 deposition in the glomerular capillary wall. By contrast, acute tubular necrosis was observed in a case of mTSS; the patient’s immune response was stimulated differently by MRSA enterotoxin and exotoxin resulting in aberrant IgA deposition, complement activation, and insufficient antibody production. As a multidisciplinary communication covering the fields of nephrology, immunology, and pathology, this report may help clinicians to understand these distinct renal lesions and make optimal therapeutic decisions expeditiously.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparate effects of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection on renal function in IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis and menstrual toxic shock syndrome: a case report and literature review

et al. 2020

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“…The second case was of an 82-years-old asymptomatic female who had a contact history with a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patient. Although there was a definite correlation between proton pump inhibitor administration and favourable clinical outcome, several concomitant medications such recombinant interferon and umifenovir could have confounded the outcomes in both the cases, denying any causal relationship between the two (Liu et al, 2020). It is worth mentioning that in a retrospective case-control study by Blanc et al 2020 on 179 elderly patients, those on PPIs were 2.3 times less likely (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.4381, 95% confidence interval [0.2331 to 0.8175], p=0.0053) to be infected by SARS-CoV-2 and develop COVID-19 as compared to those not taking PPIs (not yet published).…”

Section: Clinical Evidencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could proton pump inhibitors be re-purposed against SARS-CoV-2? - A hypothesis based on existing evidences

Ray

Sharma

Sadasivam

2020

Preprint

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Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) belong to a well-known class of pharmaceutical agents which target the gastric epithelial H+/K+ ATPase. Although the major therapeutic uses of the PPIs are in gastric-acid related diseases, evidences are suggestive of a pleiotropic nature of the compounds. They have been used for the treatment of conditions such as eosinophilic esophagitis and Helicobacter pylori infection, in addition to their conventional use in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcers.The current pandemic of COVID-19 has put forward a challenge to find treatment options. While multiple studies have been conducted, and many are currently on-going, we have not been able to come up with any specific agent against SARS-CoV-2. PPIs have shown antiviral potencies in various in vivo and in vitro studies. Results from these studies point toward a promising role of PPIs for infections caused by Marburg virus, Influenza virus and Rhinovirus to mention a few. However, neither have they been considered for any clinical trials nor have any guidelines suggested their re-purposing against SARS-CoV-2 till date. In this review, we discuss the probable pathways and cellular machineries via which PPIs could show beneficial therapeutic effects against the novel coronavirus based on the existing evidences.

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“…The mean number of days to intubation from the date of hospitalization ranged from 1 to 10.6 days in 11 studies. 9 – 14 , 16 – 18 , 21 – 23 , 26 , 27 The mean number of days on invasive mechanical ventilation ranged from 10 to 37 days. 12 – 14 , 16 , 18 , 21 , 22 The mean number of days on ECMO ranged from 6 to 37 days.…”

Section: R Eview R Esultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean number of days of hospitalization for survivors ranged from 17 to 53 days in six studies. 11 , 13 , 14 , 18 , 25 , 26 Most common complications in the non-ECMO group were multiorgan failure and thrombotic complications at 3.6% each, followed by septic shock (1.4%), bleeding (0.1%), and acute kidney injury (0.1%). 14 , 16 Most common complications in the ECMO group were septic shock and multiorgan failure at 10.9% each, followed by secondary infections (6.3%), other complications (6.3%), and bleeding (4.7%) ( Figs 2 to 4 ).…”

Section: R Eview R Esultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and ECMO in the Management of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Nagraj¹,

Karia²,

Hassanain³

et al. 2021

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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A bstract Objectives This systematic review aims to provide insight into the outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and invasive mechanical ventilation use in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Data sources Electronic databases PubMed Central and PubMed were searched from January 2020 to June 2020 for published studies about ECMO and/or invasive mechanical ventilation use in COVID-19 patients. Data Extraction and Study Selection: The search strategy retrieved 766 articles, of which 19 studies consisting of 204 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Data synthesis Primary outcomes evaluated were discharge and/or clinical improvement and mortality rate. Secondary outcomes evaluated included reported complications and the mean number of days of hospitalization for survivors. Weighted averages of included studies were calculated, and data were pooled in forest plots. Nearly, 68.1% of the patients received invasive mechanical ventilation without ECMO support, and 31.9% were placed on ECMO. Also, 22.5% of the patients were discharged and/or clinically improved and 51.5% died. Twenty-six percent of the study population deteriorated but remained alive or experienced no improvement in clinical condition. And 75.2% of those who died belonged to the non-ECMO group and 24.8% to the ECMO group. The mortality rate in the non-ECMO group was 56.8% compared to 40% in the ECMO group. Conclusion The utility of ECMO during a pandemic is uncertain as it is a resource-intensive modality, especially when the mortality rate in severely ill patients infected with COVID-19 virus is already known to be high. How to cite this article Nagraj S, Karia R, Hassanain S, Ghosh P, Shah VR, Thomas A. Role of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and ECMO in the Management of COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(6):691–698.

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Clinical features and multidisciplinary treatment outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia: A report of three cases

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Disparate effects of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection on renal function in IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis and menstrual toxic shock syndrome: a case report and literature review

Disparate effects of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection on renal function in IgA-dominant infection-associated glomerulonephritis and menstrual toxic shock syndrome: a case report and literature review

Could proton pump inhibitors be re-purposed against SARS-CoV-2? - A hypothesis based on existing evidences

Role of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and ECMO in the Management of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

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