Clinical features and long‐term follow‐up of 70 cases of canine idiopathic eosinophilic lung disease

Abstract

BackgroundCanine idiopathic eosinophilic lung disease (ELD) is sparsely documented in the literature.MethodsClinical presentation and outcome of dogs diagnosed with ELD (eosinophilic bronchitis or eosinophilic bronchopneumonia) were reviewed. Subgroups were made based on chronicity of clinical signs and findings of thoracic imaging: NCI (no changes in thoracic imaging), BRON (bronchial/peribronchial pattern), INT (bronchointerstitial/interstitial/alveolar).ResultsSeventy cases were included. There were more young to adult, crossbreed and female dogs. Compared with the other two groups NCI dogs showed lower bronchoalveolar lavage fluid eosinophilic pleocytosis and absence of circulating eosinophilia, bronchiectasis or death due to respiratory disease. All dogs responded clinically to corticosteroids. Median treatment duration was four months. Remission (no clinical signs after treatment discontinuation for >one month) and long-term remission (>six months) was achieved in 60 per cent, and 51 per cent of patients, respectively. Relapse occurred in 26 per cent of cases after remission but was rare (3 per cent) after long-term remission. The one-year, two-year and four-year survival to death due to respiratory disease was 98 per cent, 97 per cent and 91 per cent, respectively.ConclusionPrognosis and initial clinical response for ELD was generally good although achievement of long-term remission was only seen in 51 per cent of dogs. Different outcomes based on chronicity of signs, corticosteroid dose, thoracic imaging abnormalities and other clinical variables were not appreciated.

Idiopathic eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy in a cat (case study)

“…The long-term prognosis for EBP is good in dogs, with approximately 60% of patients achieving remission. 5 The clinical presentation, clinicopathological and diagnostic imaging findings in the this case were identical to those typically seen in dogs diagnosed with idiopathic eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy. Favourable response to treatment supported the diagnosis.…”

Inhalative Therapie chronischer Erkrankungen der unteren Atemwege bei Hund und Katze – eine Literaturübersicht

“…Diese idiopathische pulmonale Eosinophilie kann unter anderem anhand von Hämatologie und bildgebender Verfahren, wie Röntgen und Bronchoskopie inklusive Untersuchung der BALF, in verschiedene Kategorien eingeteilt werden. Zu den idiopathischen eosinophilen Lungenerkrankungen des Hundes zählen die eosinophile Bronchopneumopathie (EBP), eosinophile Bronchitis (EB) und eosinophile pulmonäre Granulome (EPG) 5 , 24 , 25 , 26 . Die EBP ist durch eosinophile Infiltrate in Lunge und Bronchialschleimhaut gekennzeichnet 26 , 27 .…”

“…Bei manchen Hunden tritt auch eine bronchiale Hyperreaktivität auf 5 . Es wird vermutet, dass es sich um eine Hypersensitivitätsreaktion handelt, ein auslösendes Antigen kann jedoch meist nicht identifiziert werden 25 , 27 . Das Leitsymptom der EBP ist Husten 5 , 26 .…”

“…Hunde mit EB zeigten in Studie von Johnson und Mitarbeitern Im Vergleich zu Patienten mit EBP minimale oder keine radiologischen Veränderungen, lediglich milde Veränderungen in der Bronchoskopie, sowie eine geringere Gesamtzellzahl und geringere Eosinophilie in der BALF 24 . EPG sind durch intraluminale eosinophile Massen gekennzeichnet, welche im Röntgenbild als multiple noduläre Verschattungen sichtbar sind 5 , 24 , 25 , 26 .…”

Molecular immunology and genomics: The future of multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease

“…Eosinophil associated diseases (EADs) are a heterogeneous group of pathological conditions characterised by marked eosinophilia in tissues or peripheral blood, and sometimes both, in the absence of an identifiable etiology (Bochner et al., 2012; Khoury et al., 2018; O'Sullivan & Bochner, 2018). These conditions occur in many species, including humans (Curtis & Ogbogu, 2016), horses (Brosnahan, 2020), cats (Hendrick, 1981), and dogs (Casamian‐Sorrosal et al., 2020). Although they are relatively rare, EADs can be devastating when they do occur.…”