Clinical features and in vitro susceptibilities of two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans in Taiwan

Chen, Yee‐Chun; Chang, Shan-Chwen; Shih, Chia-Lung; Hung, Chien‐Ching; Luhbd, Kwen-Tay; Pan, Yueh-Shya; Hsieh, Wen-Shyong

doi:10.1016/s0732-8893(99)00137-6

Cited by 64 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…While much research has been conducted on the antifungal susceptibilities of C. neoformans, very few studies have addressed the susceptibilities of C. gattii and none have compared the susceptibilities of specific subtypes. Only a few studies have used CLSI broth microdilution to report the susceptibilities of C. gattii (5,6,9,24,25,27,28), and none of these studies involved isolates from the Pacific Northwest emergence. As we found in our study, none of the earlier publications described elevated MICs to flucytosine or amphotericin B. Chen and coworkers (6) reported a higher geometric mean MIC of their 21 Taiwan isolates to amphotericin B than was found for the isolates in this study, but the mean was still within the range considered susceptible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Genotype and In Vitro Susceptibilities of Cryptococcus gattii Strains from the Pacific Northwest of the United States

et al. 2010

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Cryptococcus gattii emerged in North America in 1999 as a human and veterinary pathogen on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The emergent subtype, VGIIa, and the closely related subtype VGIIb can now be found in the United States in Washington, Oregon, and California. We performed multilocus sequence typing and antifungal susceptibility testing on 43 isolates of C. gattii from human patients in Oregon, Washington, California, and Idaho. In contrast to Vancouver Island, VGIIa was the most frequent but not the predominant subtype in the northwest United States. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed statistically significant differences in MICs between the subtypes. This is the first study to apply antifungal susceptibility testing to C. gattii isolates from the Pacific Northwest and the first to make direct comparisons between subtypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Genotype and In Vitro Susceptibilities of Cryptococcus gattii Strains from the Pacific Northwest of the United States

et al. 2010

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“…While a number of studies have found C. gattii to be less susceptible than C. neoformans to azole drugs, particularly FLC (13,17,44), others have reported no difference between the two species (9,43). Data on susceptibility to AMB and 5FC are even more varied, with comparisons indicating that C. gattii is more resistant than (9), more susceptible than (17), or not different from (43, 44) C. neoformans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is corroborated by various in vitro studies that have found that C. gattii may be less susceptible than C. neoformans to antifungal agents, in particular, fluconazole (13,17,44); however, other studies report no significant differences in susceptibility (9,43). A possible reason for these contradictory findings is that most studies have not considered genetic or geographic differences within the two Cryptococcus species.…”

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confidence: 86%

In Vitro Susceptibility of the Yeast Pathogen Cryptococcus to Fluconazole and Other Azoles Varies with Molecular Genotype

et al. 2010

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Cryptococcosis is primarily caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. These two pathogenic species each divide into four distinct molecular genotypes. In this study, we examined whether genotype influenced susceptibility to antifungal drugs used to treat cryptococcosis using the broth microdilution method described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. C. gattii isolates belonging to molecular genotype VGII had significantly higher MIC values for flucytosine and all azole antifungal agents tested, particularly fluconazole, than isolates of other C. gattii genotypes. In an extended analysis of fluconazole susceptibility, VGII isolates from the north and west of Australia required higher drug levels for inhibition than those from Vancouver Island, Canada. Within C. neoformans, genotype VNII had significantly lower geometric mean MICs for fluconazole than genotype VNI. These results indicate that cryptococcal species, molecular genotype, and region of origin may be important when deciding treatment options for cryptococcosis.

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“…AFLP6) has been implicated in the PNW outbreak, and VGIIa and VGIIb are considered, respectively, the major and minor outbreak types, along with the emergence of a novel genotype, VGIIc (14). C. gattii clinical and environmental isolates demonstrate various susceptibilities to several classes of antifungals (15,16), with a high proportion of isolates from the PNW showing lower susceptibilities to fluconazole (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isavuconazole Activity against Aspergillus lentulus, Neosartorya udagawae, and Cryptococcus gattii, Emerging Fungal Pathogens with Reduced Azole Susceptibility

Datta¹,

Rhee²,

Byrnes³

et al. 2013

J Clin Microbiol

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Clinical features and in vitro susceptibilities of two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans in Taiwan

Cited by 64 publications

References 46 publications

Correlation of Genotype and In Vitro Susceptibilities of Cryptococcus gattii Strains from the Pacific Northwest of the United States

Correlation of Genotype and In Vitro Susceptibilities of Cryptococcus gattii Strains from the Pacific Northwest of the United States

In Vitro Susceptibility of the Yeast Pathogen Cryptococcus to Fluconazole and Other Azoles Varies with Molecular Genotype

Isavuconazole Activity against Aspergillus lentulus, Neosartorya udagawae, and Cryptococcus gattii, Emerging Fungal Pathogens with Reduced Azole Susceptibility

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