Clinical Experience With the Yatzidis Charcoal Artificial Kidney

Dunea, George; Kolff, Willem J.

doi:10.1097/00002480-196504000-00035

Cited by 102 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…1.1). This solves the earlier problem of particle embolism and severe damage to blood cells when using unmodified adsorbents in hemoperfusion (Yatzidis, 1964;Dunea and Kolff, 1965). …”

Section: Basic Principle Of Surface Modifications Based On the Princimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Adverse effects of particle embolism and damage to blood cells had prevented the use of hemoperfusion using adsorbents like activated charcoal (Yatzidis, 1964;Dunea and Kolff, 1965) or resin (Winchester, 1996). While carrying out research on artificial cells (Chang, 1964), my theoretical analysis showed artificial cells can be the basis of a very simple and inexpensive detoxifier that can be more effective than the standard hemodialyser (Chang, 1966).…”

Section: A Brief Historical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activated charcoal has also been placed in a hemoperfusion device for direct perfusion by blood (Yatzidas, 1964). However, Dunea and Kolff (1965) showed in animal study that this resulted in (1) embolism due to the release of charcoal powder into the body and (2) this also damaged and removed blood cells, especially platelets. By putting activated charcoal inside artificial cells, one can prevent particle release and also prevent the direct contact of blood cells (Chang, 1966) (Fig.…”

Section: Artificial Cells Containing Activated Charcoal In Hemoperfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Design and Clinical Use in Patients of Surface Modified Sorbent Hemoperfusion Based on Artificial Cells for Poisoning, Kidney Failure, Liver Failure and Immunology

Chang¹

2017

Hemoperfusion, Plasmaperfusion and Other Clinical Uses of General, Biospecific, Immuno and Leucocyte Adsorbents

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“…1.1). This solves the earlier problem of particle embolism and severe damage to blood cells when using unmodified adsorbents in hemoperfusion (Yatzidis, 1964;Dunea and Kolff, 1965). …”

Section: Basic Principle Of Surface Modifications Based On the Princimentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: A Brief Historical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Artificial Cells Containing Activated Charcoal In Hemoperfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

First Design and Clinical Use in Patients of Surface Modified Sorbent Hemoperfusion Based on Artificial Cells for Poisoning, Kidney Failure, Liver Failure and Immunology

Chang¹

2017

Hemoperfusion, Plasmaperfusion and Other Clinical Uses of General, Biospecific, Immuno and Leucocyte Adsorbents

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“…Activated charcoal readily adsorbs water-soluble wastes such as creatinine, uric acid, and guanidine derivatives (20,21). The problems of blood compatibility and particle emboli have been largely overcome by microencapsulation with nylon, methacrylate, or cellulose nitrate (22)(23)(24), and hemoperfusion over microencapsulated charcoal has been effective in the clinical management of the uremic syndrome (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removing Substances from Blood by Affinity Chromatography

Scharschmidt¹,

Plötz²,

Berk³

et al. 1974

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T In vitro studies indicate that bilirubin and other albumin-bound substances can be efficiently removed from plasma by filtration over albumin-conjugated agarose beads. The effectiveness of this technique in vivo was investigated in rats by using a closed extracorporeal hemoperfusion system. Five Gunn rats whose endogenous bilirubin pool had been labeled with ['H]bilirubin and five Sprague Dawley rats with surgically created biliary obstruction were chosen as models of unconjugated and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Indocyanine green was injected into rats and its removal also studied. In the Gunn rats, 98% of the bilirubin was removed from plasma during the initial pass over the column as determined isotopically and chemically. Plasma bilirubin levels fell more than 70% from 8.2±1.6 mg/ 100 ml (mean±+SD) to 2.6±0.5 mg/100 ml during a 1-h hemoperfusion. An average of 1,061 yg of bilirubin was recovered from the columns, representing 22.5± 4.2% of the total exchangeable bilirubin pool and 96± 36.4% of the plasma pool. Results were similar in the rats with biliary obstruction and in those given indocyanine green. Normal Sprague Dawley rats experience minimal changes in formed blood elements, electrolytes, and proteins as the result of hemoperfusion. When the total volume of the column did not exceed 51% of the estimated blood volume of the animal, the survival rate was 100% in 20 studies, and the procedure was without observable ill effect. Extrapolation of both in vitro and in vivo data to man suggests that extracorporeal hemo-

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“…In 1964, hemoperfusion through uncoated carbon was reported as a method of treating patients with uremia and certain drug intoxi cations [7], This method was further utilized in the treatment of 3 uremic patients with 18 hemoperfusions lasting 1.5-4 h with a 400-gram column of uncoaled carbon [8], At blood flow rates of 180-280 ml/min the creatinine clearance by the column decreased from 160 to 40 ml/min within 2 h. During hemoperfu sion there was an associated hypocalcemia, hypotension, hypoglycemia and reduction in platelet count. The importance of extensive charcoal emboli was stressed by studying char coal hemoperfusion in uremic rabbits [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemoperfusion with Uncoated Amberlite XE-336 Resin in Normal and Uremic Dogs

Rosenbaum¹,

Kramer²,

Raja³

1978

Nephron

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Amberlite XE-336 is a pyrolized polystyrene resin with an adsorptive spectrum similar to activated charcoal. 5 normal (group I) and 5 uremic (group II) dogs had 6 h of hemoperfusion with a 400-gram column of Amberlite XE-336 resin with a blood flow rate of 300 ml/min. In group II during 0, 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 h of hemoperfusion the mean column clearances of creatinine were 273 ± 10, 224 ± 7, 177 ± 8, 125 ± 30, and 64 ± 17 ml/min and the serum creatinine concentration decreased from 10.4 ± 1.3 to 3.2 ± 0.9 mg/dl. In one of the uremic dogs the column clearance of middle molecules measured at 0, 0,5, 1, 3, and 6 h of hemoperfusion was 273,258,101,109, and 36 ml/min. The side reactions in group I and II hemoperfusion studies included transient hypotension, hypocalcemia, leukopenia and a reduction in platelet count.

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Clinical Experience With the Yatzidis Charcoal Artificial Kidney

Cited by 102 publications

References 0 publications

First Design and Clinical Use in Patients of Surface Modified Sorbent Hemoperfusion Based on Artificial Cells for Poisoning, Kidney Failure, Liver Failure and Immunology

First Design and Clinical Use in Patients of Surface Modified Sorbent Hemoperfusion Based on Artificial Cells for Poisoning, Kidney Failure, Liver Failure and Immunology

Removing Substances from Blood by Affinity Chromatography

Hemoperfusion with Uncoated Amberlite XE-336 Resin in Normal and Uremic Dogs

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