Clinical experience with stem cells and other cell therapies in neurological diseases

Karussis, Dimitrios; Petrou, Panayiota; Kassis, Ibrahim

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.09.031

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(170 reference statements)

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“…This includes the ability to generate induced pluripotent stem cells from patient fibroblasts and to differentiate these induced pluripotent stem cells into dopaminergic neurons that may be engrafted in vivo [171]. However, the long-term safety and proven efficacy is missing [172].…”

Section: Stem Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis-Targeted, Disease-Modifying Therapies in Parkinson Disease

2014

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Parkinson disease is an inexorably progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Multiple attempts have been made to establish therapies for Parkinson disease which provide neuroprotection or disease modification-two related, but not identical, concepts. However, to date, none of these attempts have succeeded. Many challenges exist in this field of research, including a complex multisystem disorder that includes dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic features; poorly understood and clearly multifaceted disease pathogenic mechanisms; a lack of reliable animal models; an absence of effective biomarkers of disease state, progression, and target engagement; and the confounding effects of potent symptomatic therapy. In this article, we will review previous, ongoing, and potential future trials designed to alter the progressive course of the disease from the perspective of the targeted underlying pathogenic mechanisms.

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Section: Stem Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis-Targeted, Disease-Modifying Therapies in Parkinson Disease

2014

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“…They can synthesize and secrete extracellular matrix to repair wounds. They can also release pleiotropic cytokines to recruit or repel inflammatory cells [Karussis et al, 2013]. Different cells in the engineered tissues will lead to different results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stem cells are ideal candidates due to their potency of dividing and differentiating into various types of cell. Stem cells can be harvested from the inner cell mass of embryo (embryonic stem cells), adult tissues and organs (adult stem cells), and can also be dedifferentiated from terminal cells (induced pluripotent stem cells) [Karussis et al, 2013]. Considering the ethical, immunological and safety issues, adult stem cells drawn from the patients themselves seem to the best choice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrin Scaffolds Containing Ectomesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Behavioral and Histological Improvement in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Liu

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2013

Cells Tissues Organs

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Fibrin has been widely used in wound healing. However, its benefit for spinal cord injury (SCI) is limited. In this study, we investigated the impact of fibrin scaffolds containing ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) on histological and behavioral recovery after SCI and compared it with fibrin alone. To achieve this, EMSCs derived from adult rat nasal respiratory mucosa were cultured, characterized and transfected with green fluorescent protein adenovirus before transplantation. Then, Sprague-Dawley host rats were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group (laminectomy); the SCI group (laminectomy and transection of spinal cords); the fibrin group (fibrin was transplanted immediately after SCI), and the fibrin cell (FC) group (fibrin scaffolds containing EMSCs were transplanted after SCI). Three days after the operation, a TUNEL assay indicated less apoptotic cells in the FC group than in the fibrin group. Two weeks after SCI, fluorescence staining demonstrated not only the survival and migration of EMSCs into the lesion sites, but also a higher number of nerve fibers in the FC group than in the fibrin group. Histological examination including immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy 12 weeks after the operation showed more nerve fibers and a thicker myelin sheath in the FC group compared to the fibrin group. Western blotting confirmed these morphological results. Consistent with the histological results, Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor scores of the FC group were higher than those of the fibrin group. These results suggest that fibrin scaffolds containing EMSCs can improve the behavioral and histological recovery after SCI better than fibrin alone.

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“…Stem cell therapies have also been tested in neurodegenerative diseases and stroke clinical trials. Although stem cell research is still in its infancy, it has become evident that stem cell therapy is safe and beneficial (Karussis et al, 2013). Here we summarized the type and general aspects of stem cells used in basic research and clinical trials as well as the routes of stem cell delivery.…”

Section: Stem Cells At the Forefront Of Basic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke

Wang

Leak

et al. 2017

Ageing Research Reviews

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Aging, a complex process associated with various structural, functional and metabolic changes in the brain, is an important risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. These diseases share similar neuropathological changes, such as the formation of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, loss of neurons and synapses, dysfunction of the neurovascular unit (NVU), reduction of self-repair capacity, and motor and/or cognitive deficiencies. In addition to gray matter dysfunction, the plasticity and repair capacity of white matter also decrease with aging and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. Aging not only renders patients more susceptible to these disorders, but also attenuates their self-repair capabilities. In addition, low drug responsiveness and intolerable side effects are major challenges in the prevention and treatment of senile diseases. Thus, stem cell therapies—characterized by cellular plasticity and the ability to self-renew—may be a promising strategy for aging-related brain disorders. Here, we review the common pathophysiological changes, treatments, and the promises and limitations of stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke.

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Clinical experience with stem cells and other cell therapies in neurological diseases

Cited by 42 publications

References 124 publications

Pathogenesis-Targeted, Disease-Modifying Therapies in Parkinson Disease

Pathogenesis-Targeted, Disease-Modifying Therapies in Parkinson Disease

Fibrin Scaffolds Containing Ectomesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Behavioral and Histological Improvement in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke

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