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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is also known as colon cancer or colorectal cancer, a chronic inflammatory condition of the large intestine (colon and rectum). It comes under blood in stool, bowel urgency, fatigue, low energy, and rarely fever. Inulcerative colitis, the part of the colon's inner lining of unknown etiology involves the gastrointestinal tract. More than 80% of ulcerative colitis patients have the lining tissue of the inner rectum inflamed or has proctosigmoiditis, and less than 20% of patients haveextensive colitis. The case of UC has risenworldwide in the recent few decades, particularly in growing countries. The high-risk factors are family history, gender, race, and environmental factors contributing are smoking, infection taking Antibiotics, and NSAIDs. In 2013, Over 350,000 new cases of ulcerative colitis and over 125,000 Patients deaths were reported in the USA. Ulcerative colitis is different from Crohn's disease. However,in more the 50% of patients with mildsymptoms of proctosigmoiditis, some patients show proximal extension, and for some patients,opposition occurs with mild symptoms. Moreover, it is essential to identify the patients with some symptoms of ulcerative colitis to clinical risk factors that will help identify which patients are in the critical or higher stage of the disease proximal extension.The ulcerative colitis usually devolves between 20 to 30 years.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is also known as colon cancer or colorectal cancer, a chronic inflammatory condition of the large intestine (colon and rectum). It comes under blood in stool, bowel urgency, fatigue, low energy, and rarely fever. Inulcerative colitis, the part of the colon's inner lining of unknown etiology involves the gastrointestinal tract. More than 80% of ulcerative colitis patients have the lining tissue of the inner rectum inflamed or has proctosigmoiditis, and less than 20% of patients haveextensive colitis. The case of UC has risenworldwide in the recent few decades, particularly in growing countries. The high-risk factors are family history, gender, race, and environmental factors contributing are smoking, infection taking Antibiotics, and NSAIDs. In 2013, Over 350,000 new cases of ulcerative colitis and over 125,000 Patients deaths were reported in the USA. Ulcerative colitis is different from Crohn's disease. However,in more the 50% of patients with mildsymptoms of proctosigmoiditis, some patients show proximal extension, and for some patients,opposition occurs with mild symptoms. Moreover, it is essential to identify the patients with some symptoms of ulcerative colitis to clinical risk factors that will help identify which patients are in the critical or higher stage of the disease proximal extension.The ulcerative colitis usually devolves between 20 to 30 years.
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, causing mortality, morbidity, and economic burden. Patient survival differs due to differences in access to health facilities, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Early detection can allow colorectal cancer to be diagnosed at an earlier stage, improving patient outcomes and lowering mortality. Due to the lack of a national screening program in Indonesia, as well as the uneven availability of colonoscopy tools, the fecal immunochemical test has become the preferred screening method. This cross-sectional study aims to validate the application of the fecal immunochemical test for colorectal cancer detection. Fecal immunochemical test examination is performed on all patients with suspected colorectal cancer who will undergo a colonoscopy examination at Prof. Hospital dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Bali, Indonesia. Histopathological examination is used to diagnose colorectal cancer. This study included 78 people with a colorectal cancer prevalence of 40.91%. There were 38(57.6%) subjects with positive fecal immunochemical test results in this study, and 25(65.6%) of them were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the qualitative fecal immunochemical test in detecting colorectal cancer were 92.59%, 66.67%, 65.79%, and 92.86%, respectively. The qualitative fecal immunochemical test has high sensitivity and can be used as an objective and accurate method of screening symptomatic patients with suspected CRC for colonoscopy.
Background: Colorectal Cancer may occur due to environmental pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrazines. These are indirect carcinogens and initiate carcinogenesis after their metabolic transformation within the body. This causes more than 0.94 million deaths every year. Methods: We investigated the prophylactic intervention of hydroalcoholic extract of Tinospora cordifoilia stems and aqueous extract Solanum nigrum leaves in 1, 2 dimethyl hydrazine induced colorectal cancer in Sprague Dawley rats. The chemopreventive potential was observed at low and high doses for 27- and 32-weeks duration. The chemopreventive potential of natural products was evaluated by estimating the change in body weight, diarrhoea, hematological parameters, change in cytokines level, cancer stem cells marker ALDH1,T lymphocyte subpopulation estimation by flow cytometry, confirmation of adenoma, adenocarcinoma and liver metastasis based on histology. Results: The high dose of the test drug showed a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to disease control groups animals with respect to blood and tissue-based parameters. The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of herbal extract showed the presence of berberine, tinosporide, quercetin,ellagic acid and naringenin in natural products. Probable mechanisms involved downregulating mRNA of nuclear factor kappa B, matrix metalloproteinases-9, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and cyclooxygenase-2 while promoting proapoptotic caspases, antioxidant capacity, interleukin-12. Conclusion: The high dose of the test drug has chemopreventive and detoxifying potential against carcinogen induced colorectal cancer in animal model.
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