Clinical evaluation of Root ZX II electronic apex locator in primary teeth

Abstract

Root ZX II EAL can be used as a reliable device for obtaining root canal length in primary maxillary incisor teeth.

Clinical evaluation of apex locator and radiography in primary teeth

“…found 92% within ±1 mm, Odabas et al . found the accuracy for resorbed root at 86.35% and non‐resorbed root at 95.82% within ±1 mm, Saritha et al . found the accuracy 95% within ±1 mm, Kielbassa et al .…”

“…Apical end point of root canals in primary teeth is often uncertain because of root resorption. Angwaranvong and Panitvisai declared that ±0.5 mm is acceptable, whereas others declared that ±1 mm is acceptable. Silva et al .…”

“…Determining the working length is a crucial step in endodontic treatments. It is also critical in the case of primary teeth because of possible damage to their successors due to over instrumentation and overfilling 2,7,11,13,[20][21][22][23] . Radiographic determination of the working length is the most common and reliable method, but it has some shortcomings such as image distortion, superposition of the roots and anatomical structures, and permanent tooth germs.…”

“…Apical end point of root canals in primary teeth is often uncertain because of root resorption. Angwaranvong and Panitvisai 8 declared Apex locators in primary teeth 201 that AE0.5 mm is acceptable, whereas others 7,11,15,20,25 declared that AE1 mm is acceptable. Silva et al 23 26 found the accuracy 92%, and Dandempally et al 27 found the accuracy 87.33% for Raypex and 81.33% for IPEX.…”

Direct Measurements of Root Canal Length in Primary Anterior Teeth for Educational and Clinical Purposes

“…Clinically, RCL estimates have been conventionally performed by pre-operative radiographic evaluation (Rodd et al, 2006;Neena et al, 2011;Nelson-Filho et al, 2011;Chougule, Padmanabhan, & Mandal, 2012;Saritha et al, 2012;Ahmad & Pani, 2015). However, anatomical variation in the apical foramen as well as superimposition of structures and periapical lesions may hinder appropriate RCL determination (Haffner, Folcwaczny, Galler, & Hicckel, 2005).…”