Clinical evaluation of photodynamic therapy efficacy in the treatment of oral leukoplakia

Efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the management of oral premalignant lesions. A systematic review

“…Twenty-three studies, which did not fulfill the eligibility criteria, were excluded (Appendix A). In total, 13 studies [9,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] were included and processed for data extraction. The pattern of the present study was customized to mainly summarize the relevant information.…”

“…Seven studies [9,15,16,[20][21][22][23] reported the mean age of study participants, which was between 51 years and 62.2 years (age range 30-98 years). Nine studies [9,15,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23] reported the gender of subjects, in which the number of female participants ranged between 0 and 65 individuals.…”

“…In 12 [9,[15][16][17][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] out of 13 studies [9,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], PDT was used as the sole therapeutic strategy for the management of oral premalignant lesions. In the study by Kawczyk-Krupka et al [18], efficacy of PDT was compared with that of cryosurgery (control group) in the management of oral premalignant lesions.…”

“…In 9 studies [15][16][17][18][19][20][22][23][24], smokers (ranging between 5 and 87 individuals) were included. Two studies [19,20] reported the frequency of smoking.…”

“…Two studies [19,20] reported the frequency of smoking. In the study by Jerjes et al [20], 49 individuals smoked less than 20 daily and 38 patients smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day.…”