Clinical evaluation of jaundice. A guideline of the Patient Care Committee of the American Gastroenterological Association

Abstract

Many diagnostic studies and procedures are available for the evaluation of jaundice. By judicious selection of those that are most likely to lead to a prompt diagnosis and by weighing their relative risk and efficacy, the physician can better ensure the comfort and safety of the patient and the cost-effectiveness of medical care. A guideline is presented that recommends an approach to the evaluation of jaundice. It is based on a critical review of the literature and its application to clinical practice.

Canadian Association of Gastroenterology Practice Guidelines: Evaluation of Abnormal Liver Enzyme Tests

“…Cholestatic liver disease without ductal dilation or space occupying lesions: Mechanical obstruction of the biliary tract without ductal dilation can occur in the following cases: during the acute phase of the obstruction (it may take 6 to 12 h for the ducts to dilate following stone impaction); with intermittent obstructions (eg, passed stones); and in sclerosing cholangitis where the ducts are too fibrotic and rigid to dilate. Having considered these conditions, the remaining causes can be divided into intrinsic diseases, infiltrative disorders and systemic disease without hepatic involvement (11). In intrinsic diseases of the liver, atypical presentations of alcoholic liver disease, drugs, certain viral infections, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune cholangitis should be considered.…”

Usefulness of Intraductal Ultrasonography in Icteric Patients with Highly Suspected Choledocholithiasis Showing Normal Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

“…A history of fever, particularly when associated with chills or right upper quadrant pain, is 1902-1908 1905 suggestive of acute cholangitis with choledocholithiasis [1]. However, clinical and laboratory abnormalities are neither accurate nor sufficient for diagnosis of bile duct stones; thus, imaging studies are considered important [12].…”

“…Jaundice is a common clinical problem that can be caused by a variety of disorders [1]. Choledocholithiasis is the most common cause of biliary obstruction and may lead to jaundice [2,3].…”

Characterization of a novel LEDs device prototype for neonatal jaundice and its comparison with fluorescent lamps sources: Photpublisher-idapy treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in Wistar rats

“…The bilious obstruction in rats through the ligation technique of the common bilious duct (LCBD) consists in a experimental model widely employed for the study of cholestatic illness and hyperbilirubinemia processes [4,7]. Jaundice is one of the clearest consequences of the LCBD, which is a frequent phenomenon when the hyperbilirubinemia reaches 3.5 mg/dl [13]. In fact, hystopathological and biochemical alterations in rats with bilious obstruction by LCBD had been well described in several works published in the literature [4,7].…”