Clinical Evaluation of a Phalangeal Bone Mineral Density Assessment System

Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements of the Calcaneus and Hand Phalanges in Elderly Spanish Men

“…This finding is consistent with results of other studies that determined BMD in the lumbar spine and hip 22 , 23 and peripheral BMD in the distal forearm 24 . Conventional World Health Organization T score criteria for the diagnosis of osteoporosis should not be applied to phalangeal BMD measurements 19 , 20 or to quantitative US measurements, as the prevalence of osteoporosis seems to be lower than that determined based on central BMD measurements. Phalangeal BMD together with a good clinical evaluation of the osteoporosis risk profile of the patient might be an interesting tool for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in areas where central DXA is not available 25 or when more conventional alternatives to central DXA are desirable (ie, patients who might require immobilization).…”

“…However, although thresholds for the clinical interpretation of phalangeal BMD have been determined for female populations, thresholds for male populations have not been determined yet 17 . According to World Health Organization criteria, osteoporosis is defined as a BMD of 2.5 SDs or greater below the peak mass in a young healthy sex‐ and race‐matched reference population (determined as BMD of the central skeleton at either the hip or spine), 18 a criterion that should not be applied to either phalangeal BMD measurements 19 , 20 or quantitative US measurements.…”

Altered body composition, lipedema, and decreased bone density in individuals with Williams syndrome: A preliminary report

“…The diagnosis of WS was reported by participants and clinically confirmed in each subject by an experienced examiner, but the absence of biological samples precluded molecular confirmation. In terms of the BMD findings, phalangeal bone density has not previously been employed in children but correlates with standard DXA results in adults [Fiter and others 2001; Patel and others 2010]. Though there is no pediatric control cohort for phalangeal BMD, the available Z-scores in adults, the observations made throughout the age-span using the sibling controls, plus the recent findings by Stagi et al [Stagi and others 2016] suggest that decreased BMD is common in WS.…”

“…Short-term reproducibility of this measurement is 1–2% [Fiter and others 2001; Patel and others 2010]. In adults, middle phalangeal BMD and t-score measurements show moderate correlation (r = 0.59–0.66) with measurements at the lumbar spine and hip [Fiter and others 2001; Patel and others 2010], and have been validated as a predictor of hip fracture [Mussolino and others 1997]. Z-scores for phalangeal BMD are provided by AccuDXA for adults 19 years and older, but normative data are not currently available for children.…”

Assessment of Bone Mineral Density in Osteoporosis

“…"AccuDEXA" cihazı ile masaüstü DXA teknolojisi kullanılarak dominant olmayan elin üçüncü parmak orta falanksının KMY ölçümü yapılır (23). Teknik farklılıklar, ölçüm yapılan bölgenin tanımlanmasındaki değişkenlikler ve T-skoru hesaplanmasında standart referans veri tabanı bulunmaması nedeniyle kırık riskinin değerlendirilmesi karışık olabilir.…”