Clinical Epidemiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Colonization and Infection

Toro, María Dolores del; Rodríguez‐Baño, Jesús; Herrero, Marta; Rivero, Antonio; García-Ordóñez, Miguel Ángel; Corzo, Juan E.; Pérez-Cano, R.

doi:10.1097/00005792-200205000-00006

Cited by 77 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Previously, S. maltophilia was considered a low-virulence pathogen. Its isolation from the respiratory tract has been frequently interpreted as colonization rather than as infection 8,9. Many previous studies have found a large proportion of colonizing S. maltophilia isolates, with rates of true infection of 13-71% 13-15,22,23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, identification of S. maltophilia can be problematic for microbiologists. In many cases, isolation of S. maltophilia from clinical specimens may be misidentified as colonization rather than infection 8,9. Meanwhile, susceptibility testing methods of this organism are difficult.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Trends of increasing resistance to these individual antimicrobials have been recently reported in many clinical studies and combined therapeutic regimens are recommended 11,12. Most clinical and epidemiological studies of S. maltophilia have focused on the adult population,5,8,11,13,14 and only a few reports have described nosocomial infections in pediatric patients 12,15-17. Moreover, the national data on the antimicrobial susceptibility of S. maltophilia in Saudi Arabia is limited.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia nosocomial isolates in a Saudi children’s hospital

Alqahtani

2017

SMJ

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Objectives:To describe the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients colonized or infected by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) at a Saudi children’s hospital, to identify risk factors associated with infection, and to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of this emerging pathogen.Methods:In this cross-sectional observational study, 64 non-duplicating S. maltophilia strains were isolated in Najran Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Najran, Saudi Arabia between January 2015 to February 2016. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the reference broth microdilution method.Results:In this study, 48 (75%) isolates were identified in true infections and 16 (25%) isolates were considered colonization. The main types of S. maltophilia infection were pneumonia in 22 (45.8%) patients and bloodstream infection in 14 (29.2%) patients. The significant risk factors included exposure to invasive procedure (p=0.02), and presence of acute leukemia as an underlying disease (p=0.02). The most active antimicrobials were trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100% sensitivity) and tigecycline (93.7% sensitivity).Conclusions:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging nosocomial pathogen among pediatric patients. Accurate identification and susceptibility testing of this emerging pathogen are crucial for the management of infected patients and prevention of spread of this nosocomial pathogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia nosocomial isolates in a Saudi children’s hospital

Alqahtani

2017

SMJ

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“…55,56 Predisposing factors described to date include prior antibiotics treatments, central venous catheter indwelling, prolonged hospitalization, and mechanical ventilation. [57][58][59] Thermally injured patients would therefore be ideal hosts; however, only three reports exist in the burn literature. 60 -62 These studies suggest sudden rapid deterioration and hyperpyrexia as suggestive features.…”

Section: Stenotrophomonas Maltophiliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Gram-Negative Infections in Burn Wounds

Azzopardi

Boyce

et al. 2011

Journal of Burn Care & Research

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Gram-negative infection remains a major contributor to morbidity, mortality, and cost of care. In the absence of comparative multinational epidemiological studies specific to burn patients, we sought to review literature trends in emerging Gram-negative burn wound infections within the past 60 years. Mapping trends in these organisms, although in a minority compared with the six "ESKAPE" pathogens currently being targeted by the Infectious Diseases Society of North America, would identify pathogens of increasing concern to burn physicians in the near future and develop patient profiles that may predict susceptibility to infection. Aeromonas hydrophila infection was identified as the emerging pathogen of note, constituting 76% of the identified publications. A. hydrophila constituted 96% of Aeromonas spp. isolates (mortality 10.7%). The following patient profile indicated predisposition to Aeromonas infection: mean age (mean 33.7 years, range 17 ≤ R ≤ 80, SD = 15.6); TBSA (mean 41.1%, range 8% ≤ R ≤ 80%, SD = 15.2); full-thickness skin burns (mean 27.7%, range 3% ≤ R ≤ 60%, SD = 16.6); and a male predominance (81.3%). Other pathogens included Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Vibrio spp., Chryseobacterium spp., Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, and Cedecia lapigei. Arresting the thermal injury by untreated water was the common predisposing factor. These emerging infections clearly constitute a minority of Gram-negative bacterial infections in burn patients at present. However, these are the infections most likely to pose significant clinical challenge because of the high prevalence of multidrug resistance, rapid acquisition of multidrug resistance, high mortality, and ubiquity in the natural environment. This article therefore presents a rationale for understanding and recognizing the role of these emerging infections in burn patients.

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“…[1,4] Predisposing factors of S maltophilia infection are well known and include indwelling catheters (central venous catheters and urinary or biliary catheters) mechanical ventilation, recent surgery, malignancies (especially hematological malignancy), intensive care unit admission, organ transplantation, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs, neutropenia, and prior antibiotic use. [5] The formation of an intraabdominal abscess due to S maltophilia infection is a very rare clinical manifestation. The rapid growth (within 1 week) of an extremely large intraabdominal abscess caused by S maltophilia infection after laparoscopic appendectomy due to perforated appendicitis is very unusual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual case of rapid growing intraabdominal abscess caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia after laparoscopic appendectomy due to perforated appendicitis

Lim

Kuk²,

Kim³

2017

Medicine

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Introduction:An intraabdominal abscess due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S maltophilia) infection is a very rare clinical manifestation. S maltophilia is a glucose nonfermentative, aerobic, gram-negative, mobile, and biofilm-forming bacterium. It is an opportunistic pathogen and uncommon cause of infection. Respiratory tract infections (pneumonia) and bloodstream infections (bacteremia) are the most common clinical manifestations of S maltophilia infection.Conclusions:This case report describes an unusual case of a rapidly growing, extremely large intraabdominal abscess (within 1 week during antibiotic therapy), which was detected 2 weeks after a laparoscopic appendectomy was performed for perforated appendicitis and was caused by multidrug-resistant S maltophilia infection.

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Clinical Epidemiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Colonization and Infection

Cited by 77 publications

References 69 publications

Emergence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia nosocomial isolates in a Saudi children’s hospital

Emergence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia nosocomial isolates in a Saudi children’s hospital

Emerging Gram-Negative Infections in Burn Wounds

Unusual case of rapid growing intraabdominal abscess caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia after laparoscopic appendectomy due to perforated appendicitis

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