Clinical, Epidemiological, and Laboratory Features of Mayaro Virus Infection: a Systematic Review

Abstract

Purpose of Review Mayaro virus is an arbovirus that circulates in a wild cycle transmitted by Haemagogus janthinomys; however, case reports in urban areas suggest that other arthropods could be acting as vectors. It shares several similarities with Chikungunya virus, being highly probable that many cases are being misdiagnosed. The disease caused by this pathogen is known as Mayaro fever, which is restricted to regions of Central and South America, mainly the Amazon rainforest. Cases of Mayaro fever have continuously been increasing, suggesting that Mayaro virus would become another major epidemic arbovirus in America. Recent Findings Four electronic databases were searched for articles in English and Spanish using the keywords “Mayaro” and “case.” A total of 234 cases were retrieved in the 23 selected manuscripts. Of all cases, most of them were male young adults, reported as autochthonous cases occurring mainly in Peru and Brazil, who were performing activities in wild rural areas. Fever, arthralgia, headache, myalgia, and retro-orbital pain were the main clinical manifestations. Most of the patients had laboratory parameters within the normal range, joint complications were evidenced in few cases, and all of them recovered without specific treatment. Summary Mayaro fever appears to be a mild self-limited disease that affects mainly males at productive age that are in contact with wild environments. However, further studies are required to establish its true pathogenic potential of Mayaro virus.

Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of Mayaro virus (MAYV): Current status and opportunities for further development

“…Among the infected individuals, common symptoms include headache, fever, arthralgia, rash, retro‐orbital pain, nausea, and myalgia. Data used is this figure was obtained from a systematic review described by Silva‐Ramos et al 40 …”

Development of RT-RPA-based point-of-care tests for epidemic arthritogenic alphaviruses

“…Like ONNV, MAYV, is also geographically limited in its spread, causing sporadic outbreaks in Central and South America, since it was first isolated in 1954 in Trinidad 14,15 . Outside of these, wide ranging seroprevalence (21% to 72%) has been reported all across the region, and sporadic cases occur both within the region and abroad, in Europe and the USA through travelers 14,16 . Although primarily transmitted by Hemagogous mosquitoes, certain strains of MAYV have the ability to adapt to replicate in and be transmitted by different, more anthropophilic mosquito vectors 14,17,18 .…”