Clinical Effects of Longitudinal Division of the Corpus Callosum in Normal Dogs

Bagley, Rodney S.; Baszler, Timothy V.; Harrington, Michael L.; Pluhar, G. Elizabeth; Moore, Michael P.; Keegan, Robert D.; Greene, Stephen A.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-950x.1995.tb01306.x

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…To date, research reports of epilepsy surgery for dogs or cats are limited to experimental studies for corpus callosotomy on normal dogs ( 12 ) or for amygdalohippocampectomy on a feline limbic seizure model induced with kainic acid ( 31 ), and experimental studies ( 14 , 32 ) or a clinical trial ( 13 ) of neurostimulation (vagus nerve stimulation and deep brain stimulation) in dogs. However, a few, but very precious, case reports have been published in the veterinary field ( 18 – 21 , 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent survey of research priorities for idiopathic epilepsy in dogs revealed that non-ASD management, including epilepsy surgery, is highly expected by dog owners, general practice veterinarians, and veterinary neurologists (11). However, research on epilepsy surgery in the veterinary field is generally limited to experimental studies, with the majority concerning neuromodulation (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). There are some case reports regarding intracranial surgery in canine patients with seizures, but most of those lack modern imaging or electrodiagnostic evidence (18)(19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Focal Cortical Resection and Hippocampectomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Structural Epilepsy

et al. 2021

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Epilepsy surgery is a common therapeutic option in humans with drug-resistant epilepsy. However, there are few reports of intracranial epilepsy surgery for naturally occurring epilepsy in veterinary medicine. A 12-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat with presumed congenital cortical abnormalities (atrophy) in the right temporo-occipital cortex and hippocampus had been affected with epilepsy from 3 months of age. In addition to recurrent epileptic seizures, the cat exhibited cognitive dysfunction, bilateral blindness, and right forebrain signs. Seizures had been partially controlled (approximately 0.3–0.7 seizures per month) by phenobarbital, zonisamide, diazepam, and gabapentin until 10 years of age; however, they gradually became uncontrollable (approximately 2–3 seizures per month). In order to plan epilepsy surgery, presurgical evaluations including advanced structural magnetic resonance imaging and long-term intracranial video-electroencephalography monitoring were conducted to identify the epileptogenic zone. The epileptogenic zone was suspected in the right atrophied temporo-occipital cortex and hippocampus. Two-step surgery was planned, and a focal cortical resection of that area was performed initially. After the first surgery, seizures were not observed for 2 months, but they then recurred. The second surgery was performed to remove the right atrophic hippocampus and extended area of the right cortex, which showed spikes on intraoperative electrocorticography. After the second operation, although epileptogenic spikes remained in the contralateral occipital lobe, which was suspected as the second epileptogenic focus, seizure frequency decreased to <0.3 seizure per month under treatment with antiseizure drugs at 1.5 years after surgery. There were no apparent complications associated with either operation, although the original neurological signs were unchanged. This is the first exploratory study of intracranial epilepsy surgery for naturally occurring epilepsy, with modern electroclinical and imaging evidence, in veterinary medicine. Along with the spread of advanced diagnostic modalities and neurosurgical devices in veterinary medicine, epilepsy surgery may be an alternative treatment option for drug-resistant epilepsy in cats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focal Cortical Resection and Hippocampectomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Structural Epilepsy

et al. 2021

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“…The CCT surgical procedure in cats has not been reported in the veterinary literature. Therefore, we performed it based on reports in dogs ( 4 ) and humans ( 2 ). Although the incomplete dissection may be the cause of the residual seizures, most of the CC, including splenium, was clearly visualized and easily bisected compared with the authors' limited experience of CCT in dogs (unpublished information).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In veterinary medicine, the surgical procedure for CCT in normal dogs has been reported by Bagley et al in 1995 ( 4 ), and the effect of CCT for epilepsy had been experimentally studied in feline seizure models such as kindling between the 1960s and 1990s ( 5 – 8 ). However, its clinical application and therapeutic outcome has not been reported so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Corpus Callosotomy in a Cat With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy of Unknown Cause

et al. 2021

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A 2-month-old, intact male domestic shorthair cat with dullness, bilateral central blindness, and recurrent epileptic seizures was presented to a local clinic. Seizures were the generalized myoclonic and tonic-clonic type. Phenobarbital was initiated and maintained; however, seizures were not controlled. Other anti-seizure drugs, including levetiracetam, zonisamide, and diazepam, also provided insufficient seizure control with seizures occurring hourly to daily. By 8 months of age, the cat displayed non-ambulatory tetraparesis and deep somnolence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and pre- and post-prandial total bile acid analyses were unremarkable. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) revealed central dominant but generally synchronized spikes and multiple spikes. The cat was diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy of unknown cause and was included in a clinical trial of epilepsy surgery. Given the unremarkable MRI and bilateral synchronized EEG abnormalities, a corpus callosotomy was performed at 12 months of age, and partial desynchronization of spikes was confirmed on EEG. Incomplete transection was found in the genu of the corpus callosum on postoperative MRI. After surgery, the mental status and ambulation clearly improved, and seizure frequency and duration were remarkably reduced. Recheck with follow-up EEG and MRI were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Scores of activities of daily living and visual analog scales including cat's and owner's quality of life had also improved considerably. This case report is the first documentation of the one-year clinical outcome of corpus callosotomy in a clinical feline case with drug-resistant epilepsy.

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“…8,9 Determination of seizure foci and surgical removal of these foci have not yet been adequately explored in veterinary patients to our knowledge. The surgical procedure has been successfully performed in dogs, but whether it is useful in a patient with uncontrolled seizures remains to be seen.…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%