2021
DOI: 10.1186/s12984-021-00884-6
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Clinical effectiveness of the sequential 4-channel NMES compared with that of the conventional 2-channel NMES for the treatment of dysphagia in a prospective double-blind randomized controlled study

Abstract: Background To date, conventional swallowing therapies and 2-channel neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) are standard treatments for dysphagia. The precise mechanism of 2-channel NMES treatment has not been determined, and there are controversies regarding the efficacy of this therapy. The sequential 4-channel NMES was recently developed and its action is based on the normal contractile sequence of swallowing-related muscles. Objective To ev… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Moreover, in a recent randomized controlled study comparing rehabilitative effects of the sequential 4-channel NMES to the 2-channel NMES, the 4-channel NMES showed significant clinical improvement in penetration-aspiration scale and videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale scores. These results suggest that the sequential 4-channel NMES, through its activation of the suprahyoid, thyrohyoid, and other infrahyoid muscles mimics physiological activation patterns and may therefore be a new effective treatment for dysphagia 13 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 77%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Moreover, in a recent randomized controlled study comparing rehabilitative effects of the sequential 4-channel NMES to the 2-channel NMES, the 4-channel NMES showed significant clinical improvement in penetration-aspiration scale and videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale scores. These results suggest that the sequential 4-channel NMES, through its activation of the suprahyoid, thyrohyoid, and other infrahyoid muscles mimics physiological activation patterns and may therefore be a new effective treatment for dysphagia 13 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 77%
“…Therefore, a clearer understanding of how the sequential 4-channel NMES shows the rehabilitative effectiveness is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the rehabilitative effects of the sequential 4-channel NMES using kinematic analysis of the hyoid bone movement, using data from a randomized controlled trial 13 . We hypothesized that the vertical and horizontal movement extents, as well as the duration of hyoid movements in the 4-channel NMES may be different from those in the 2-channel NMES.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Primary outcomes included safety (Penetration-Aspiration Scale, PAS) 28 and performance outcomes (Functional Oral Intake Scale, FOIS) 29 of swallowing. Secondary outcomes included the severity of dysphagia (such as Functional Dysphagia Scale 30 and Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale 31 ) and indicators of swallowing physiology (such as hyoid movement 32 and tongue pressure 33 ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Secondary outcome measures include (1) severity of dysphagia assessed through Functional Dysphagia Scale, 25 Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale, 26 Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale 27 and Dysphagia Rating Scale 28 ; (2) swallowing biomechanics with changes in maximal excursion of the hyoid, muscle strength of suprahyoid muscles and tongue pressure; (3) swallow-related quality of life assessed through Swallow Quality of Life Questionnaire. 29 …”
Section: Methods and Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%