Clinical, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic abnormalities in Boxers with cardiomyopathy and left ventricular systolic dysfunction: 48 cases (1985–2003)

Baumwart, Ryan; Meurs, Kathryn M.; Atkins, Clarke E.; Bonagura, John D.; DeFrancesco, Teresa C.; Keene, Bruce W.; Koplitz, Shianne L.; Fuentes, Virginia Luis; Miller, Matthew W.; Rausch, William; Spier, Alan W.

doi:10.2460/javma.2005.226.1102

Cited by 38 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although the age of the animal at diagnosis has been statistically significant at univariate Cox analysis, it didn't show any significance in the multivariate analysis, characterizing age only as a risk factor and not as a prognostic factor. In fact, Boxer ARVC is a disease of adult onset that results in worsening of the degree of ventricular arrhythmia that is proportional with the age of affected animals (Moïse, 1999, Baumwart et al, 2005. Thus, older animals are expected to exhibit a greater tendency for sudden death due to the higher number or severity of ventricular arrhythmias or CHF secondary to ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a dog may present subclinical disease or present with syncope or sudden death as a result of ventricular arrhythmias. More rarely, these dogs may present with signs of congestive heart failure due to systolic dysfunction and biventricular dilation that mimic idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy; supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, are also possible in these dogs (Harpster, 1983;Bright and McEntee, 1995;Moïse, 1999;Sisson et al, 1999;Corrado et al 2000;Meurs, 2004;Basso et al, 2004;Baumwart et al, 2005). Although most reports affirm that this type of Boxer ARVC is diagnosed less frequently, a European study found a higher incidence of this form of the disease .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valor prognóstico da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e da eletrocardiografia ambulatorial em cães Boxer com cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito

Chamas

Oliveira

Yamaki

et al. 2016

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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 RESUMOA cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito (CAVD) é uma importante causa de morte súbita em cães da raça Boxer. A validação de fatores prognósticos para essa doença auxiliaria na detecção de animais mais gravemente afetados e sua exclusão dos programas de reprodução. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o valor prognóstico da presença de manifestações clínicas, dos índices de variabilidade de frequência cardíaca (VFC) e das arritmias supraventriculares ou ventriculares registradas à monitorização eletrocardiográfica com Holter na sobrevida de cães Boxer em diferentes estágios da CAVD. Essas variáveis foram analisadas, de forma prospectiva, em 69 cães Boxer, divididos em cinco grupos: cães Boxer controle (grupo CB, <50 VPC/24 horas, n=28), cães Boxer suspeitos (grupo SB, 50 a 300 VPC/24 horas, n=8), cães Boxer com CAVD (grupo ARVC, >300 VPC/24 horas, n=19), cães Boxer com CAVD e disfunção sistólica sem insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (grupo SDB sem ICC, n=6) e com ICC (grupo SDB com ICC, n=8). A análise estatística compreendeu teste ANOVA, correlação de Pearson e análise de riscos proporcionais de Cox. Comparando-se com o grupo CB, não foi encontrada diminuição nos índices de VFC nos grupos SB, ARVC ou SDB sem ICC; por outro lado, o grupo SDB com ICC apresentou diminuição desses índices. Não houve relação entre os índices de VFC e a morte de origem cardíaca; porém, a presença de síncopes com ou sem sinais clínicos de ICC e o número de episódios de taquicardia ventricular (TV) correlacionaram-se com a sobrevida dos animais. Estes resultados permitem concluir que a presença de sinais clínicos de ICC, a presença de síncopes e o número de TV ao Holter apresentam valor prognóstico de sobrevida em cães Boxer com CAVD.Palavras-chave: cães Boxer, cardiomiopatia arritmogênica, sistema nervoso autônomo, taquicardia ventricular ABSTRACT Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an important cause of sudden death in Boxer dogs. Validation of prognostic factors for this disease could help in detecting more

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valor prognóstico da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e da eletrocardiografia ambulatorial em cães Boxer com cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito

Chamas

Oliveira

Yamaki

et al. 2016

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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“…In a prior study of 188 Boxers assessed by 24‐hour ambulatory ECG (AECG), more than 30% of the dogs had more than 100 ventricular premature depolarizations in 24 hours, which has been proposed as a criterion for the diagnosis of ARVC 4 . Although some Boxers also develop overt myocardial failure and dilated cardiomyopathy, the relationship between ARVC and the presence or development of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is unclear 7,8 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Echocardiographic Ratio Indices in Overtly Healthy Boxer Dogs Screened for Heart Disease

Cunningham

Rush

Freeman

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Boxer dogs are routinely screened by echocardiography to exclude congenital and acquired heart disease. Individuals of a given breed may span a large range of body sizes, potentially invalidating linear regression of M-mode measurements against body weight. Echocardiographic ratio indices (ERIs) provide a novel method of characterizing echocardiographic differences between Boxers and other dog breeds. Hypothesis ERIs obtained from overtly healthy Boxer dogs presented for cardiac screening will be different from ERIs established for normal non-Boxer dogs, and those differences will be unrelated to aortic velocity or systolic blood pressure. Animals Eighty-one Boxers with no outward clinical signs of heart disease were studied. Methods All dogs were examined by 2-dimensional, M-mode, and Doppler echocardiography. M-mode measurements were used to perform ERI calculations, and the indices in Boxers were compared between Boxers with varying severity of arrhythmia and those of normal non-Boxer dogs. Results Differences in weight-based ERIs, which reflect increased thickness of the left ventricular free wall (LVW) and interventricular septum (IVS) and smaller aortic size, were found in overtly healthy Boxer dogs compared with normal non-Boxer dogs. ERIs of left atrial and LV cavity size in overtly healthy Boxers were not significantly different from those of non-Boxer dogs. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Boxer dogs may have an increased relative thickness of the LVW and IVS that is independent of aortic size, aortic velocity, or arterial blood pressure, and this morphology should be taken into consideration when screening Boxers by echocardiography.

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“…Idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with right bundle-branch block appearing VT was the working diagnosis. 1 Medical therapy was changed from mexiletine to sotalol, c 1.2 mg/kg PO q12h. The dog presented similarly on several occasions (day 20, day 24, day 45).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Use of an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator in a Boxer Dog to Control Clinical Signs of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

Nelson

Lahmers

Schneider

et al. 2006

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Clinical, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic abnormalities in Boxers with cardiomyopathy and left ventricular systolic dysfunction: 48 cases (1985–2003)

Cited by 38 publications

References 9 publications

Valor prognóstico da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e da eletrocardiografia ambulatorial em cães Boxer com cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito

Valor prognóstico da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e da eletrocardiografia ambulatorial em cães Boxer com cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito

Echocardiographic Ratio Indices in Overtly Healthy Boxer Dogs Screened for Heart Disease

The Use of an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator in a Boxer Dog to Control Clinical Signs of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

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