Clinical differences of Helicobacter pylori infection in children

Iwańczak, Barbara; Buchner, Anna M.; Iwańczak, F

doi:10.17219/acem/60581

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Similarly, although smaller (0.57% per year), decrease was found using serology in asymptomatic Bulgarian adults over 18 years [12]. The decrease can be explained by the so-called cohort phenomenon, i.e., lower acquisition of the infection during the recent decades compared with that in 20th century as a result of improved socioeconomic status, personal hygiene habits and facilities, national antibiotic consumption, and increasingly common therapy of symptomatic patients [13]. However, the problem of H. pylori infection is still very important, given that every fifth child aged ≤7 years was positive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Boyanova

Hadzhiyski

Markovska

et al. 2018

AMicr

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Helicobacter pylori positivity was assessed among 656 symptomatic children in 2010-2017. Overall infection prevalence was 24.5% and a significantly higher rate was detected in girls (28.5%) compared to boys (20.0%). Moreover, in children with duodenal ulcer, H. pylori prevalence was higher (47.4%) compared with the rest (23.9%). On the contrary, the infection was detected 1.9-fold less frequently in patients with GERD (14.5%) compared with the other (27.0%) patients and 2.1-fold less often in the presence of duodenogastric reflux (bile) reflux (13.0%) compared with the absence of the reflux (27.0%). No significant difference was observed between the younger (aged ≤7 years, 20.0%) and the older (aged 8-18 years, 25.5%) patients. H. pylori infection rate in Bulgarian pediatric patients between 2010 and 2017 was 2.5-fold lower than that in 1996-2006. In conclusion, H. pylori infection is still an important concern for Bulgarian children, although having decreased by about 1.8%/yearly over 21 years. This study reveals the importance of H. pylori diagnostics even in the youngest symptomatic children and demonstrates an inverse association between either GERD or bile reflux and H. pylori infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Boyanova

Hadzhiyski

Markovska

et al. 2018

AMicr

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“…The incidence of H. pylori infection in children, despite better knowledge of its pathogenesis and therapy regimens, is still high (approximately 33%), which was demonstrated in two meta-analyses [ 18 ]. In Poland, the incidence of infection is similar, counting for approximately 30% [ 19 ]. The therapy regimens based on PPIs and two antibiotics (MET or CH and AMO) are used according to the ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN guidelines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Resistant Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from Children with Gastrointestinal Diseases

Biernat

Bińkowska²,

Łaczmański

et al. 2020

Diagnostics

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Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori is currently a global issue. The aim of this study was to analyze actual antibiotic resistance rates of H. pylori strains isolated from children with primary infections and to compare the incidence of mutations that determine resistance to clarithromycin (CH) and metronidazole (MET) in children with different clinical diagnoses. A total of 91 H. pylori strains were isolated from 108 children with primary infections. Drug susceptibility testing of the strains was performed using E-test method. Classical sequencing of DNA fragments was used to detect point mutations for CH and MET resistance. Resistance to CH was detected in 31% of isolated strains (28/91), while resistance to MET and CH was detected in 35% (32/91) of strains. A2143G was the most frequently detected mutation and was dominant among strains isolated from children with peptic ulcer disease (80%). Mutations in the rdxA gene were found significantly more frequently among MET-resistant strains than MET-sensitive strains (p = 0.03, Chi2 = 4.3909). In children, a higher frequency of H. pylori multiresistant strains was observed compared with the previous study in the same area. Differences were found in the occurrence of point mutations among H. pylori strains resistant to CH isolated from children with different clinical diagnoses.

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“…399,400 These bacteria secrete phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that can be used to degrade liposome membrane integrity for triggered cargo release. 401 Thamphiwatana et al 402 used a liposomal formulation with a lipid composition responsive to secreted PLA2 and demonstrated that the more bacteria or enzyme that was present at the targeted site, the more drugs was released to treat the infection.…”

Section: Different Stimuli-responsive Mnpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart micro/nanoparticles in stimulus-responsive drug/gene delivery systems

et al. 2016

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New achievements in the realm of nanoscience and innovative techniques of nanomedicine have moved micro/nanoparticles (MNPs) to the point of becoming actually useful for practical applications in the near future. Various differences between the extracellular and intracellular environments of cancerous and normal cells and the particular characteristics of tumors such as physicochemical properties, neovasculature, elasticity, surface electrical charge, and pH have motivated the design and fabrication of inventive “smart” MNPs for stimulus-responsive controlled drug release. These novel MNPs can be tailored to be responsive to pH variations, redox potential, enzymatic activation, thermal gradients, magnetic fields, light, and ultrasound (US), or can even be responsive to dual or multi-combinations of different stimuli. This unparalleled capability has increased their importance as site-specific controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) and has encouraged their rapid development in recent years. An in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these DDS approaches is expected to further contribute to this groundbreaking field of nanomedicine. Smart nanocarriers in the form of MNPs that can be triggered by internal or external stimulus are summarized and discussed in the present review, including pH-sensitive peptides and polymers, redox-responsive micelles and nanogels, thermo- or magnetic-responsive nanoparticles (NPs), mechanical- or electrical-responsive MNPs, light or ultrasound-sensitive particles, and multi-responsive MNPs including dual stimuli-sensitive nanosheets of graphene. This review highlights the recent advances of smart MNPs categorized according to their activation stimulus (physical, chemical, or biological) and looks forward to future pharmaceutical applications.

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Clinical differences of Helicobacter pylori infection in children

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is still high among symptomatic Bulgarian children

Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Resistant Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from Children with Gastrointestinal Diseases

Smart micro/nanoparticles in stimulus-responsive drug/gene delivery systems

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