Clinical Determinants of Ultrasound-guided Sclerotherapy Outcome

Kanter, Alan

doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.1998.tb04065.x

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our results show that at longer followup rather more signs of recurrence are seen, in keeping with other reports on this subject. SF achieves the same or better results as liquid sclerotherapy, using much lower doses and concentrations of drug [21][22][23]. Complications and side effects compare favourably with other reports on this subject.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Treatment of Varicose Veins by Foam Sclerotherapy: Two Clinical Series

Cavezzi¹,

Frullini

Ricci³

et al. 2002

Phlebology

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Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of sclerotherapy of varicose veins (VV) with sclerosing foam (SF) made using Tessari's method (three-way tap and two plastic syringes). Design: Two multi-centre prospective clinical series were documented (CS1 and CS2). In CS1, which ran from March to December 2000, 177 patients (39 men, 138 women), mean age 56 years, were treated in three centres for W related to incompetence of saphenous veins, recurrence, perforators or collaterals. Conventional or duplex-guided sclerotherapy was performed using SF made of purified sodium tetradecyl sulphate (PSTS) 0.2−3% (Fibro-vein, STD Pharmaceuticals, UK) and air. An average of 1.6 (SD 0.8) sessions per patient were performed and 2.9 (SD 1.0) ml of SF (i.e. 0.6 ml of PSTS) per session was employed. An elastic stocking providing 20 −30 or 30−40 mmHg compression was worn by patients following treatment. All the patients were reviewed (clinical examination and colour duplex ultrasonography) at 1 month. Sixty-six patients had a further follow-up 45−370 days after treatment. The 17 patients in CS2, a multi-centre study, were treated in March and April 2001. An independent observer assessed patients with major W (CEAP and W type distribution similar to CS1) before and after the treatment, and also observed the treatment, which was carried out using the technique employed in CS1. Results: In CS1 at 1 month follow-up there was: (A) obliteration of the vessel or antegrade flow in 161 (91%) patients, (B) minimal retrograde flow in the treated vein, without visible W, in 15 (8.4%) cases and (C) persistence of vessel patency with retrograde flow and visible W (failure) in 1 (0.6%) case. At 45−370 days (mean 138 days) follow-up results were: type A in 44 (67%) cases, type B in 17 (26%) cases and type C in 5 (8%) cases. The main complications were extension of sclerothrombus from superficial to deep veins (n = 2), allergy (n = 1), malaise (n = 1) and scotoma (n = 1). In CS2 at 30 days follow-up 100% of the treated venous segments had a type A outcome after an average of 1.4 sessions. No relevant complication occurred in this series. Conclusions: Sclerotherapy of major VV by means of SF prepared by Tessari's method is a safe and effective form of treatment. Low doses and a low concentration of drug may be successfully employed. Further studies are needed to establish the long- term results and overall safety of this form of foam sclerotherapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Treatment of Varicose Veins by Foam Sclerotherapy: Two Clinical Series

Cavezzi¹,

Frullini

Ricci³

et al. 2002

Phlebology

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“…Duplex-guided sclerotherapy for treatment of GSV reflux has been attempted, but long-term studies have failed to prove long-term benefit comparable to that resulting from surgery. 11,12 Initial attempts at damaging vein walls by electrocoagulation involved creation of a thrombus within the vessel lumen, but the occluded vessels ultimately recanalized. 13,14 Early methods of intraluminal delivery of high-frequency alternating-current radiofrequency (RF) energy to treat GSV reflux were complicated by skin burns, saphenous nerve and peroneal nerve injury, phlebitis, and wound infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endovenous ablation with laser for great saphenous vein insufficiency and tributary varices: A retrospective evaluation

et al. 2008

Journal of Vascular Surgery

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“…Duplex-guided sclerotherapy for treatment of GSV reflux has been attempted, but long-term studies have failed to prove durability comparable to surgery (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Initial attempts at damaging vein walls by electrocoagulation involved creation of a thrombus within the vessel lumen, ultimately resulting in recanalization (20 -22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%