Clinical correlates of heavy tobacco use among adolescents

Cornelius, Jack R.; Lynch, Kevin G.; Martin, Christopher S.; Cornelius, Marie D.; Clark, Duncan B.

doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(00)00088-5

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…27, 28,29 Based on the reports of comorbid anxiety disorders and nicotine dependence in adults, 4,5,15,16 the lack of association of SPAI scores with smoking or mFTQ scores was a surprise. Our results, however, are consistent with a recent study in adult psychiatry patients 30,8 and a community study 7 in adolescents which also did not show a link between anxiety disorders and smoking. Perhaps there was an under-representation of anxiety disorders .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Psychiatric Disorders and Cigarette Smoking Among Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Inpatients

Upadhyaya¹,

Brady²,

Wharton³

et al. 2003

Am J Addict

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We surveyed 120 patients admitted to a child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient unit regarding their cigarette smoking history, reasons for smoking, patterns of use, and psychiatric comorbidity (chart review). We administered the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory and the modified Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Only six of 47 current smokers had a chart diagnosis of nicotine dependence. Logistic regression derived that the odds ratio for being a current smoker was: Caucasian race=5.56,older age=1.3, depressive disorders=4.02, conduct disorder (CD)=12.96, cannabis abuse/dependence=24.6. Hence, cigarette smoking is highly prevalent but underdiagnosed in this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Psychiatric Disorders and Cigarette Smoking Among Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Inpatients

Upadhyaya¹,

Brady²,

Wharton³

et al. 2003

Am J Addict

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“…Heavy pregnancy smoking was defined as women who smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day, light smoking as mothers who smoked less than this amount, and non-smokers as mothers who reported no smoking at any time during their pregnancy. The cut-off value of 10 cigarettes per day was adopted in the present study, as this value has been used in previous reports (Berkey et al 1984;Cornelius et al 2001a;Soares et al 2007). Information on maternal age, breast feeding habits, and pet ownership was also obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood obesity and parental smoking as risk factors for childhood ADHD in Liverpool children

Koshy

Delpisheh

Brabin

2010

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

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ADHD prevalence has risen in parallel with rising prevalence of pregnancy smoking and childhood obesity. The objective was to determine the epidemiological association of pregnancy smoking and childhood obesity with ADHD. A cross-sectional community study was conducted in 2006 using a parental questionnaire. A total of 1,074 schoolchildren aged 5-11 years were enrolled from 15 primary schools in a lower socio-economic area of Merseyside. ADHD was defined by the question "does your child have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, (ADHD), which has been diagnosed by a doctor?" The prevalence estimates for childhood obesity, maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood ADHD were 14.9% (116/777), 28.0% (269/955), and 3.4% (32/945), respectively. ADHD prevalence increased fivefold in children with obesity (RR, 4.80, 95% CI 2.2-10.4, P < 0.001) and more than twofold in children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy (RR, 2.44, 95% CI 1.2-4.9, P = 0.02). Regression analysis adjusting for obesity, overweight, maternal smoking during pregnancy, heavy maternal smoking, household member smoking during pregnancy, doctor-diagnosed asthma, preterm birth, and low birthweight showed significant independent associations of ADHD prevalence with obesity (AOR, 4.66, 95% CI 1.57-13.89, P = 0.006) and pregnancy smoking (AOR, 3.19, 95% CI 1.08-9.49, P = 0.04). There was a positive dose-response association of ADHD with the number of maternal cigarettes smoked during pregnancy. Measures to reduce both smoking among pregnant women and childhood obesity might reduce prevalence of childhood ADHD.

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“…Også tverrsnittsundersøkelser blant ungdom viser at det er mest røyking blant de som skårer høyt på skalaer som måler depressivitet (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Costello og medarbeidere (13) fant at tobakksrøyking var langt mer prevalent blant ungdom med depresjon enn blant ungdom som ikke hadde noen diagnose.…”

Section: Innledningunclassified

Depressivitet og røyking – En prospektiv panelstudie blant ungdom i Hordaland

m.fl¹

2009

Nor J Epidemiol

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Korrespondanse: Leif Aarø, Telefon: 55 58 26 06 Telefax: 55 58 98 87 e-post: leif.aaro@psych.uib.no SAMMENDRAGFlere tidligere studier blant ungdom (både tverrsnittsundersøkelser og prospektive panelundersøkelser) har vist at ungdom som er deprimerte eller som skårer høyt på skalaer som måler depressivitet har en økt sannsynlighet for å røyke. Om depressivitet er en medvirkende årsak til at ungdom røyker er imidlertid uklart. Strukturelle ligningsmodeller som kan bidra til å belyse spørsmålet om kausalitet brukes sjelden. I den foreliggende undersøkelsen har vi benyttet data fra en prospektiv panelundersøkelse blant ungdom i Hordaland. Også i dette datamaterialet finner vi tverrsnitts-assosiasjoner mellom depressivitet og røyking. Sammenhengene er ikke signifikant forskjellige for gutter og jenter. Ved bruk av data fra tre tidspunkt (1992, 1993 og 1995) utvikles det to strukturelle ligningsmodeller (n=551) som begge tyder på at kausaliteten hovedsakelig går fra depressivitet til røyking. Sammenhengene er relativt svake, men de synes å øke noe med alder. Modellene forblir uendret selv når det kontrolleres for foreldres røykevaner og foreldres sosioøkonomiske status. Depressivitet har trolig langt mindre å bety for ungdoms røykevaner enn faktorer som tilgjengelighet på tobakk og sosial påvirkning. Depressivitet er sannsynligvis av større betydning som en barriere i forbindelse med å få voksne til å slutte å røyke enn som en faktor en må ta hensyn til når en planlegger forebyggende tiltak overfor ungdom. ENGLISH SUMMARYA number of studies (cross sectional as well as prospective longitudinal studies) have shown positive associations between scores on scales measuring depressive tendencies and smoking habits among adolescents. Still it is not clear to what extent depressive tendencies can be regarded as a causal factor in the process of smoking initiation. Structural equation modelling, which is a most useful tool when testing out causal models, are seldom applied. The present analyses are based on data from a prospective panel study carried out among a cohort of adolescents from one county in Western Norway. Data collected in 1992, 1993, and 1995 (the students were 15 years old in 1992) are used. Significant cross-sectional associations between depressive tendencies and smoking habits are found on all three measurement occasions. None of the associations are significantly different for boys and girls (no significant interaction effects). Two structural equations models with approximately the same levels of fit are developed. Both models (one cross-lagged and one with simultaneous regression) indicate that the causal direction goes from depressive tendencies to smoking. The regression coefficients are rather moderate, but the impact of depressive tendencies on smoking habits seems to increase with age. When controlling for parents' smoking habits and parents' socioeconomic status the models remain unchanged. Depressive tendencies are probably less important in the process of smoking initiation among adolescents than...

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Clinical correlates of heavy tobacco use among adolescents

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

Psychiatric Disorders and Cigarette Smoking Among Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Inpatients

Psychiatric Disorders and Cigarette Smoking Among Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Inpatients

Childhood obesity and parental smoking as risk factors for childhood ADHD in Liverpool children

Depressivitet og røyking – En prospektiv panelstudie blant ungdom i Hordaland

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