Clinical Correlates of Enuresis in ADHD and Non‐ADHD Children

Biederman, Joseph; Santangelo, Susan L.; Faraone, Stephen V.; Kiely, Kathleen; Guite, Jessica W.; Mick, Eric; Reed, Ellen D.; Kraus, Ilana; Jellinek, Michael S.; Perrin, James M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01334.x

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In (ADHD) co-morbidity studies, with a crosssectional design (Tables 2 and 3), the same shortcomings are observed, seen in the strong diversity in the definition of enuresis that results in a co-occurrence range between 28.6% and 40% [3,4,5,25]. The lack of standardization hampers the comparison and interpretation of research findings.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Enuresismentioning

confidence: 55%

“…In spite of this, the co-occurrence of ADHD and enuresis is consistently reported in approximately 30% of patients [4,5]. Robson et al [27] worked out that a 6-year-old child with ADHD has 2.7-times more chance of suffering co-morbid nocturnal enuresis than its peers and 4.5-times more chance of suffering diurnal enuresis.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Adhd and Other Externalizing Problemsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Behavioural problems and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with enuresis: a literature review

et al. 2005

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Nearly all studies on the co-morbidity between enuresis and psychopathology in children suggest an increased prevalence of behavioural disorders in general and of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in particular. Depending strongly on characteristics of the study design, the extent to which this prevalence is increased fluctuates heavily. In the current literature review we found a lack of standardization in the definitions of both enuresis and psychopathology, which makes comparison of research findings difficult. A series of confounding factors that possibly bias study results is also covered. Psychopathology in enuresis seems to be associated with older age, male gender, low socio-economic status and admission to specialized (university) paediatric clinics. Research that fails to report or to control for these factors will not be able to make generalizations to the total population of enuretic children. It is highly important for paediatricians to be aware of the effect of these methodological factors in order to read critically and appreciate the co-morbidity studies on the one hand and to understand better the association between enuresis and psychopathology on the other hand. Future research would benefit from diagnoses based on international diagnostic classification systems made within a well-defined sample.

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Section: Diagnosis Of Enuresismentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Diagnosis Of Adhd and Other Externalizing Problemsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Behavioural problems and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with enuresis: a literature review

et al. 2005

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“…In einer anderen Studie von 140 Kindern mit ADHD hatten 25% eine Enuresis nocturna. Bei den 120 Kontrollen waren es nur 10,8% [6]. Mögliche gemeinsame neurobiologische Zusammenhänge sind nicht geklärt, jedoch werden die beiden Störun- …”

Section: Komorbidität Von Spezifischen Psychischen Auffälligkeiten Beunclassified

Psychologisch-psychiatrische Aspekte der Enuresis nocturna und der funktionellen Harninkontinenz

Gontard

2004

Urologe [A]

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Psychological factors play an important role in nocturnal enuresis and functional urinary incontinence. The comorbidity of enuresis/urinary incontinence and clinical mental disorders as well as subclinical psychological symptoms is reviewed. In epidemiological as well as clinical studies, 20-40% of all children with nocturnal enuresis have a manifest clinical disorder-two to four times higher than nonwetting children. Children with secondary nocturnal enuresis and voiding postponement carry the highest risk for a mental disorder and those with urge incontinence and primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis the lowest.Internalizing disorders (such as depressive and anxiety disorders) are less common than externalizing ones (such as ADHD). In addition, subclinical emotional and behavioral symptoms are common. These will often recede upon attaining dryness and self-esteem can increase. General screening for psychological symptoms and disturbances is recommended.

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“…Approximately 20-30% of children with enuresis show also ADHD [13]. The opposite, that is, presence of ADHD in a population of individuals with enuresis, has several diverse results in literature: from about 10% [14,15] to 30% [13]. Baeyens et al [16] distinguish that prevalence in accordance with the subtypes of ADHD, finding out 15% of the combined ADHD and 22.5% of the ADHD with predominant attention-deficit, which would justify the divergence between studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The association between bedwetting and ADHD is frequently reported in both directions. Approximately 20-30% of children with enuresis show also ADHD [13]. The opposite, that is, presence of ADHD in a population of individuals with enuresis, has several diverse results in literature: from about 10% [14,15] to 30% [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Alarm Treatment Results for Brazilian Children with Enuresis Plus ADHD x no ADHD

Sousa¹,

Pereira²,

Silvares³

2012

UCMS

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Abstract:Although the relation between enuresis (NE) and ADHD is frequently reported in the literature, the disparity among the results among several studies raises hypothesis to justify this; distinctions of types of ADHD help to understand these differences. Models for explanation of the co-occurrence, raised in a non-exhaustive literature review are displayed and analyzed in this paper as well as the report of impairments to treatment in children with nocturnal enuresis plus ADHD. The present study compares full spectrum alarm treatment plus management of other complaints besides NE (as requested by participants) of a sample of two groups of Brazilian children: with nocturnal enuresis plus ADHD (EG) versus nocturnal enuresis only (CG), searching for differences in the initial success criteria achievement time and adherence (measured directly by rate of dropouts and indirectly by lack of information from patients and by requests for management of other complaints, besides NE. With homogeneity regarding socio-demographic and clinical variables between pretreatment groups and leaving both groups free to ask for management of other complaints, no differences were observed in treatment results or time to acquire control. Comorbidity implied only in a higher proportion of lack of information from the patients. Only this indirect measure of adherence implied more failures on the treatment independently of the comorbidity.

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Clinical Correlates of Enuresis in ADHD and Non‐ADHD Children

Cited by 55 publications

References 36 publications

Behavioural problems and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with enuresis: a literature review

Behavioural problems and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with enuresis: a literature review

Psychologisch-psychiatrische Aspekte der Enuresis nocturna und der funktionellen Harninkontinenz

A Comparison of Alarm Treatment Results for Brazilian Children with Enuresis Plus ADHD x no ADHD

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