Clinical Considerations of Ultra-processed Food Addiction Across Weight Classes: an Eating Disorder Treatment and Care Perspective

Wiss, David A.

doi:10.1007/s40429-022-00411-0

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Another study found 5.5% of normal weight and 15% of underweight people have food addiction ( 41 ). However, people often pursue treatment in the hope of achieving this goal, which is one reason that many ED professionals criticize this field ( 7 ). Weight loss was significant across the study sites at this stage of follow-up despite it not being a focus of the programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also ongoing discussion amongst clinicians as to how to refer to this disorder. For the purposes of this paper, we will use the term food addiction to refer to dependency behaviors relating to sugar and processed foods, although it is increasingly being referred to as ultra-processed food addiction ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) have the highest prevalence of FA (48–95%), followed by binge eating disorder (BED; 55–80%), and then anorexia nervosa (AN; 44–70%) ( 15 , 18 – 20 ). It has been suggested that efforts to restrain eating, engage in compensatory behaviors (e.g., purging), or maintain body weights below normal might lead to increases in self-reported FA scores ( 7 ). Meanwhile, it can be established that FA symptoms exist independently of ED symptoms, thus it can be conceptualized as a distinct disorder warranting targeted interventions ( 7 , 18 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that efforts to restrain eating, engage in compensatory behaviors (e.g., purging), or maintain body weights below normal might lead to increases in self-reported FA scores ( 7 ). Meanwhile, it can be established that FA symptoms exist independently of ED symptoms, thus it can be conceptualized as a distinct disorder warranting targeted interventions ( 7 , 18 ). More research is needed in this area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interventions for FA must be able to demonstrate sustainable changes to symptoms and mental wellbeing. FA recovery can be achieved without overemphasis on weight which can detract from the clinical utility of the construct as a behavioral disorder ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low carbohydrate and psychoeducational programs show promise for the treatment of ultra-processed food addiction

Unwin¹,

Delon²,

Giæver³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Food addiction, specifically ultra-processed food addiction, has been discussed in thousands of peer-reviewed publications. Although 20% of adults meet criteria for this condition, food addiction is not a recognized clinical diagnosis, leading to a dearth of tested treatment protocols and published outcome data. Growing numbers of clinicians are offering services to individuals on the basis that the food addiction construct has clinical utility. This audit reports on clinical teams across three locations offering a common approach to programs delivered online. Each team focused on a whole food low-carbohydrate approach along with delivering educational materials and psychosocial support relating to food addiction recovery. The programs involved weekly sessions for 10–14 weeks, followed by monthly support. The data comprised pre- and post- program outcomes relating to food addiction symptoms measured by the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, ICD-10 symptoms of food related substance use disorder (CRAVED), mental wellbeing as measured by the short version of the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, and body weight. Sample size across programs was 103 participants. Food addiction symptoms were significantly reduced across settings; mYFAS2 score −1.52 (95% CI: −2.22, −0.81), CRAVED score −1.53 (95% CI: −1.93, −1.13) and body weight was reduced −2.34 kg (95% CI: −4.02, −0.66). Mental wellbeing showed significant improvements across all settings; short version Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale 2.37 (95% CI: 1.55, 3.19). Follow-up data will be published in due course. Further research is needed to evaluate and compare long-term interventions for this complex and increasingly burdensome biopsychosocial condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low carbohydrate and psychoeducational programs show promise for the treatment of ultra-processed food addiction

Unwin¹,

Delon²,

Giæver³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Ultra-Processed Food Addiction: A Research Update

LaFata,

Allison,

Audrain-McGovern

et al. 2024

Curr Obes Rep

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Purpose of Review Detail recent advancements in the science on ultra-processed food (UPF) addiction, focusing on estimated prevalence rates and emerging health disparities; progress towards identifying biological underpinnings and behavioral mechanisms; and implications for weight management. Recent Findings Notable developments in the field have included: (1) estimating the global prevalence of UPF addiction at 14% of adults and 15% of youths; (2) revealing health disparities for persons of color and those with food insecurity; (3) observing altered functioning across the brain-gut-microbiome axis; (4) providing early evidence for UPF withdrawal; and (5) elucidating poorer weight management outcomes among persons with UPF addiction. Summary The breadth of recent work on UPF addiction illustrates continued scientific and public interest in the construct and its implications for understanding and treating overeating behaviors and obesity. One pressing gap is the lack of targeted interventions for UPF addiction, which may result in more optimal clinical outcomes for this underserved population.

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Food Addiction: a Deep Dive into ‘Loss of Control’ and ‘Craving’

et al. 2022

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Purpose of Review The majority of existing research discusses food addiction (FA) classification, which provides information for different groups and which groups may or may not be affected to differing degrees. Fewer studies report FA symptom scores, and fewer still report on individual symptoms. This paper discusses the symptoms of craving and loss of control as they are common FA symptoms that demonstrate similarities with both substance use disorders and some eating disorder pathology. Recent Findings Loss of control presents parallels with disordered eating, particularly binge eating disorder. Craving refers to the powerful or strong desire for something and, in contrast to lack of control, presents most overlap with substance use disorders. Summary While not the most common symptoms reported in published research, loss of control and craving attract attention because of parallels with substance use and eating disorder pathology, and research has increasingly focused on these symptoms in recent years.

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Clinical Considerations of Ultra-processed Food Addiction Across Weight Classes: an Eating Disorder Treatment and Care Perspective

Cited by 13 publications

References 144 publications

Low carbohydrate and psychoeducational programs show promise for the treatment of ultra-processed food addiction

Low carbohydrate and psychoeducational programs show promise for the treatment of ultra-processed food addiction

Ultra-Processed Food Addiction: A Research Update

Food Addiction: a Deep Dive into ‘Loss of Control’ and ‘Craving’

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