Clinical Consequences of Diet-Induced Dysbiosis

Abstract

Various disease states are associated with an imbalance of protective and pathogenic bacteria in the gut, termed dysbiosis. Current evidence reveals that dietary factors affect the microbial ecosystem in the gut. Changes to community structure of the intestinal microbiota are not without consequence considering the wide effects that the microbes have on both local and systemic immunity. The goal of this review is to give insight into the importance of gut microbiota in disease development and the possible therapeutic interventions in clinical settings. We introduce the complex tripartite relationship between diet, microbes and the gut epithelium. This is followed by a summary of clinical evidence of diet-induced dysbiosis as a contributing factor in the development of gastrointestinal diseases like inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and colorectal cancer, as well as systemic diseases like obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Finally, the current dietary and microbial interventions to promote a healthy microbial profile will be reviewed.

Simulador gastrointestinal dinámico (simgi®): una herramienta potencialmente útil en nutrición clínica

“…1), se asocia a enfermedades humanas, incluidas las gastrointestinales (EII), sistémicas (obesidad, diabetes tipo II) y locales (trastornos de la función cerebral). Como se ha mencionado anteriormente, estudios recientes sugieren que la dieta es uno de los factores causantes de los cambios en la ecología intestinal con consecuencias clínicas (11). A continuación, se revisan brevemente las principales enfermedades gastrointestinales, sistémicas y locales asociadas a disbiosis de la microbiota intestinal (Fig.…”

Perception oro-sensorielle des lipides alimentaires et obésité

“…Il est donc possible que l'environnement pro-inflammatoire caractérisant l'obésité puisse également affecter la performance fonctionnelle des papilles gustatives contribuant ainsi à la chute de la sensibilité de la lipido-détection orale. En effet, on sait depuis peu que la consommation de certains régimes obésogènes entraîne une dysbiose intestinale favorisant une endotoxémie LPSdépendante (Chan et al, 2013). De plus, une corrélation positive entre concentrations plasmatiques de LPS et seuils de dé-tection des lipides a été trouvée chez la souris et chez l'homme (NUTox, résultats non publiés).…”

A review on prebiotics and probiotics for the control of dysbiosis: present status and future perspectives

“…Moreover, within the same individual host, the composition of the microbiota may evolve under the influence of a variety of factors, including age, genetic background, diet and health status of the host (Power et al, 2014). Dietary factors alter the microbial ecology in the small intestine, where nutrients are primarily digested, as well as in the caecum and colon, where digestion is not a main function of the host but an important function of the microbes (Chan et al, 2013). Within certain limits, a healthy microbiota can tolerate variations in diet.…”

“…In a perfect world, the beneficial microbiota competes with pathogenic invaders and thus largely wards off the latter from colonising the intestinal tract (Hooper and Macpherson, 2010). Dysbiosis (or dysbacteriosis) is defined as an undesirable alteration of the microbiota resulting in an imbalance between protective and harmful bacteria (Chan et al, 2013).…”