Clinical Characters of Egyptian children with Maturity Onset of Diabetes Type 3

Abstract

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a type of monogenic diabetes. MODY3 is more frequent than previously thought. Aim and objectives detect clinical characteristics of cases of MODY 3 as regards to; age of disease onset, insulin dose, family history and complications in Egyptian children. Methods: This case control study was conducted on 20 cases and 10 controls. All subjects were subjected to full history taking, complete clinical examination and laboratory tests, including; C peptide assays, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Fasting and 2 hours postprandial blood sugar levels, Triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, Measurement of anti-bodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) and anti-islets antibodies. Results: All cases (100%) had a positive family history of DM. All cases were negative for Anti-Gad and Anti-Islet. The mean age on onset of DM was 11.08 ± 2.77 years, the mean duration of DM was 2.2 ± 0.16 years. Regarding complications; 10% had neuropathy. Regarding treatment; 5% of cases were treated by oral hypoglycemic, 15 % were treated by insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs, 15% were managed by healthy life style and 65% of cases treated by insulin with a mean dose 0.34 ± 0.19. Conclusion we suggest that a thorough clinical evaluation, including a family history, phenotypic features, a response to diabetes-specific autoantibodies, and an assessment of endogenous insulin secretion, may be a more effective first step in identifying diabetic children who require genetic testing for MODY.