Clinical characteristics, tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes, and prognosis in HER2‐low breast cancer: A comparison study with HER2‐zero and HER2‐positive disease

Abstract

IntroductionHER2‐low breast cancer is a gradually recognized and unexplored group of diseases. We aimed to investigate the clinical and prognosis features and to identify the role of stromal tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) in this population.MethodsConsecutive primary breast cancer patients treated between January 2009 to June 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. HER2‐low was defined as immunohistochemistry (IHC) 1+, or 2+ and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) negative. sTILs were scored following the international guidelines. Clinicopathologic features and survival were compared according to HER2 and sTILs category.ResultsA total of 973 breast cancer patients were enrolled, including 615 (63.2%) HER2‐low patients. HER2‐low patients shared more similarity with HER2‐0 cases in clinicopathological features. sTILs in HER2‐Low patients was comparable to HER2‐0 patients (p = 0.064), both significantly lower than HER2‐positive ones (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, tumors with sTILs ≥50% accounted for the least proportion of HER2‐low cases (p < 0.001). HER2 status had no significant influence on recurrence‐free survival (RFS, p = 0.901) in the whole population. However, in the estrogen receptor (ER)‐negative subgroup, HER2‐low was related to worse RFS (p = 0.009) and OS (p = 0.001) compared with HER2‐positive ones. sTILs increment was an independent favorable prognostic factor in the whole (OS, p = 0.003; RFS, p = 0.005) and HER2‐low population (OS, p = 0.007; RFS, p = 0.009) after adjusted to clinicopathological parameters.ConclusionsHER2‐low patients shared similar clinicopathological features with HER2‐0 rather than HER2‐positive cases and had relatively low sTILs. ER‐negative/HER2‐low patients had significantly inferior survival. sTILs increment was independently associated with favorable survival in the HER2‐low group, suggesting a potential benefit from a novel treatment strategy.