Clinical characteristics of second primary malignancies among first primary malignancy survivors: A single‑center study, 2005‑2020

Abstract

The cancer survivor population is growing due to advances in detection and treatment. For improved long-term patient management, it is critical to examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of second primary malignancies (SPMs). An SPM is defined as a second distinct pathological diagnosis, with the same or different origin as the first primary malignancy (FPM). In the present retrospective study, categorical clinical variables were compared between subgroups and the impact on overall survival was evaluated. A total of 1,188 patients with an FPM were included, of which 102 experienced an SPM (8.59%). When compared with the patients who did not develop an SPM, patients with an SPM were significantly older at first diagnosis, had a higher pathological stage and higher rates of biliary tract disease and thyroid disease. In addition, patients with an SPM were more likely to have received postoperative chemotherapy (28.43 vs. 12.16%, P<0.0001) and to be long-term consumers of cigarettes and alcohol (25.00 vs. 8.95%, P<0.05). In addition, an increase in the number of regimens received but not in the number of courses of chemotherapy was associated with a reduction in the time interval to SPM development. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was the most common type of FPM (18.27%). In patients with NSCLC the occurrence of SPMs was relatively low (5.07%) and the SPM-associated mortality rate was 2.30%. Breast cancer was the second common type of FPM (12.09%). Patients with breast cancer had a relatively high likelihood of developing an SPM (9.30%), for which family history of malignancy and postoperative chemotherapy were identified as potential risk factors. Patients with stomach cancer were the most vulnerable to SPM (17.95%) and patients with digestive tract cancer had the longest time interval between the FPM and SPM development. In addition, thyroid adenoma was identified as a potential risk factor for SCLC. The findings of the present study may provide valuable guidance for the short-and long-term monitoring of FPM survivors.

Clinicopathological features, prognostic factor analysis, and survival nomogram of patients with double primary cancers involving lung cancer

“…The development of MPCs is associated with various factors 10,37 . Lifestyle behaviors, including smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, contribute to the development of MPCs.…”

“…34,36 The development of MPCs is associated with various factors. 10,37 Lifestyle behaviors, including smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, contribute to the development of MPCs. Moreover, common environmental exposures, including environmental pollution, occupational exposures, and infections, contribute to the development of subsequent cancers.…”

“…8 Studies have shown that the lungs are one of the most frequently involved organs in double primary cancers (DPCs). [9][10][11] The incidence of DPCs in patients with lung cancer ranges from 1.02% to 19.8%, [12][13][14][15] of which, the incidence reported abroad is generally higher than that reported domestically in China. In clinical practice, we have also observed an increased prevalence of DPCs involving lung cancer which have not drawn extensive attention.…”

A pharmacovigilance study of etoposide in the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database, what does the real world say?

“…At the neoplasm level, we also identified a number of ADEs with strong signal values. Second primary malignancy (SPM) (n = 43,) is defined as a second, distinct pathological diagnosis of the same or different origin as the first primary malignancy, and chemotherapy also increases the risk of secondary hematologic or solid malignancies (Lenzi et al, 2020;Geng et al, 2023). The mechanism of etoposide-induced second primary malignancy (SPM) can be attributed to two possible explanations.…”

Presence of Multi-Morbidities and Colorectal Cancer Screening Utilization among Breast Cancer Survivors

“…Evidence shown that breast cancer survivors are especially vulnerable to secondary cancers [ 3 ], with 2.5-fold increased odds of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to those without a history of cancer [ 3 ]. This may be attributed to the carcinogenetic effects of primary-cancer related treatment (e.g., chemotherapy or radiation) [ 4 ], genetic predisposition [ 5 ], and personal behaviors [ 6 ]. However, the development of secondary CRC after breast cancer can be a life-threatening event for breast cancer survivors [ 7 ].…”